How to Create an Excel File in C# (.NET Tutorial)
IronXL 是一款強大的 C# 和 .NET Excel 程式庫,讓您能夠透過程式設計方式建立、讀取及編輯 XLSX 試算表——無需依賴 Microsoft Office 或 Interop。 它支援 .NET 8、.NET 9、.NET Core 及 .NET Framework,並可在 Windows、Linux、macOS、Azure 及 AWS 上運行。
本教學將引導您使用 C# 建立完整的 Excel 工作簿:設定儲存格值、套用格式、新增公式,以及匯出為 XLSX、CSV 等格式——並附有逐步的程式碼範例。
快速入門:建立 Excel 檔案 using IronXL 即可瞬間建立新的 Excel 檔案——只需選擇格式、新增工作表、設定任何儲存格值,然後儲存即可。 這是透過直觀的 API 呼叫生成 XLSX 檔案,且完全無需擔心互通性問題的最快速方式。
-
using NuGet 套件管理員安裝 https://www.nuget.org/packages/IronXL.Excel
PM > Install-Package IronXL.Excel -
請複製並執行此程式碼片段。
WorkBook book = IronXl.WorkBook.Create(IronXl.ExcelFileFormat.XLSX); book.CreateWorkSheet("Sheet1")["A1"].Value = "Hello World"; book.SaveAs("MyFile.xlsx"); -
部署至您的生產環境進行測試
立即透過免費試用,在您的專案中開始使用 IronXL
簡化工作流程(5 個步驟)
- 下載並安裝 IronXL C# 程式庫
- 設定您的 .NET 專案
- 建立一個
Workbook並Worksheet - 設定儲存格值、格式及公式
- 儲存您的 Excel 檔案
什麼是 IronXL,以及為何要使用它來建立 Excel 檔案?
IronXL 是一款直觀的 C# 與 VB Excel API,讓您能在 .NET 環境中以卓越的效能讀取、編輯及建立 Excel 試算表檔案。 與傳統方法不同,無需安裝 Microsoft Office 或使用 Excel Interop,使部署過程更為簡便且可靠。
IronXL 完全支援 .NET 9、.NET 8、.NET Core、.NET Framework、Xamarin、行動裝置、Linux、macOS 以及 Azure 環境。
IronXL 功能
- 由我們的 .NET 開發團隊直接提供人工支援
- 可透過 Microsoft Visual Studio 快速安裝
- 開發用途免費。 授權來自 $999
如何快速建立並節省 Excel 檔案?
透過 NuGet 安裝 IronXL,或直接下載 DLL 檔案。 WorkBook 類別是您執行所有 Excel 操作的入口點,而 WorkSheet 類別則提供用於操作個別工作表的方法 — 完整的逐步操作指南將從下方的步驟 1 開始。
How Do I Install the IronXL C# Library?
透過 Visual Studio 中的 NuGet 套件管理員安裝 IronXL,或使用套件管理員主控台:
Install-Package IronXL.Excel
您可以透過"專案"選單,或在"解決方案總覽"中右鍵點擊您的專案,來存取 NuGet 套件管理員。

圖 3 - 透過"專案"選單存取 NuGet 套件管理員
<img src="/img/tutorials/create-excel-file-net/right-click-solution-explorer.png" alt=""解決方案資源管理員"的右鍵選單顯示"管理 NuGet 套件"選項">
圖 4 - 解決方案資源管理員中的右鍵點擊快顯選單
在套件清單中搜尋 IronXl.Excel,然後點擊"安裝"。

圖 5 - 透過 NuGet 套件管理員安裝 IronXl.Excel
或者,您可以直接下載 IronXL DLL,並透過"解決方案總覽">"參考項目">"瀏覽"選取 IronXL.dll 將其新增為專案的參考項目。

圖 6 - 從官方網站下載 IronXL程式庫
{i:(IronXL 無需安裝 Microsoft Office 或 Excel Interop — 它可在任何支援 .NET 的平台上運行,包括 Windows、Linux、macOS 及雲端環境。)}
如何設定我的 .NET 專案?
IronXL 可與任何類型的 .NET 專案配合使用 — 包括主控台應用程式、ASP.NET 網頁應用程式、API 或桌面工具。 以下範例使用 ASP.NET Web 應用程式,但此流程適用於所有專案範本。
請按照以下步驟建立一個 ASP.NET 網站:
- 開啟 Visual Studio
- 點擊"檔案">"新增專案"
- 在"專案類型"清單中,於 Visual C# 下方選取"Web"
-
選擇 ASP.NET Web 應用程式

圖 1 – Create new ASP.NET project
- 點擊"確定"
-
選取 Web Forms 範本

圖 2 – Select Web Forms template
- 點擊"確定"
準備好您的專案後,請安裝 IronXL 以開始透過程式碼建立 Excel 檔案。
How Do I Create an Excel Workbook in C#?
using IronXL 建立新的 Excel 工作簿只需一行程式碼:
using IronXL;
// Create workbook with XLSX format (recommended for modern Excel)
WorkBook workbook = WorkBook.Create(ExcelFileFormat.XLSX);
// Alternative: Create legacy XLS format for older Excel versions
WorkBook legacyWorkbook = WorkBook.Create(ExcelFileFormat.XLS);
using IronXL;
// Create workbook with XLSX format (recommended for modern Excel)
WorkBook workbook = WorkBook.Create(ExcelFileFormat.XLSX);
// Alternative: Create legacy XLS format for older Excel versions
WorkBook legacyWorkbook = WorkBook.Create(ExcelFileFormat.XLS);
Imports IronXL
' Create workbook with XLSX format (recommended for modern Excel)
Private workbook As WorkBook = WorkBook.Create(ExcelFileFormat.XLSX)
' Alternative: Create legacy XLS format for older Excel versions
Private legacyWorkbook As WorkBook = WorkBook.Create(ExcelFileFormat.XLS)
Create 方法同時支援 XLS(Excel 97-2003)和 XLSX(Excel 2007+)格式。 建議使用 XLSX 格式,以獲得更佳的效能並縮小檔案大小。
- XLSX:建議用於所有現代版 Excel(2007 版以上)—— 檔案較小,效能更佳
- XLS:為與 Excel 97–2003 版本相容而保留的舊版格式
如何將工作表新增至工作簿?
新增工作表的步驟非常簡單:
// Create a worksheet with custom name for budget tracking
WorkSheet budgetSheet = workbook.CreateWorkSheet("2020 Budget");
// Add multiple worksheets for different purposes
WorkSheet salesSheet = workbook.CreateWorkSheet("Sales Data");
WorkSheet inventorySheet = workbook.CreateWorkSheet("Inventory");
// Access existing worksheet by name
WorkSheet existingSheet = workbook.GetWorkSheet("2020 Budget");
// Create a worksheet with custom name for budget tracking
WorkSheet budgetSheet = workbook.CreateWorkSheet("2020 Budget");
// Add multiple worksheets for different purposes
WorkSheet salesSheet = workbook.CreateWorkSheet("Sales Data");
WorkSheet inventorySheet = workbook.CreateWorkSheet("Inventory");
// Access existing worksheet by name
WorkSheet existingSheet = workbook.GetWorkSheet("2020 Budget");
' Create a worksheet with custom name for budget tracking
Dim budgetSheet As WorkSheet = workbook.CreateWorkSheet("2020 Budget")
' Add multiple worksheets for different purposes
Dim salesSheet As WorkSheet = workbook.CreateWorkSheet("Sales Data")
Dim inventorySheet As WorkSheet = workbook.CreateWorkSheet("Inventory")
' Access existing worksheet by name
Dim existingSheet As WorkSheet = workbook.GetWorkSheet("2020 Budget")
工作簿包含一個或多個工作表。 每個工作表由行與列組成,其交點處即為儲存格。 請使用 CreateWorkSheet 方法向工作簿新增工作表。
WorkBook.CreateWorkSheet(String):新增一個具有指定工作表名稱的工作表WorkSheet:根據名稱擷取現有工作表- 工作表名稱在工作簿內必須是唯一的
如何在 Excel 中設定儲存格值?
如何手動設定儲存格值?
設定個別儲存格的值時,採用直觀的類似 Excel 語法:
// Set month names in first row for annual budget spreadsheet
workSheet["A1"].Value = "January";
workSheet["B1"].Value = "February";
workSheet["C1"].Value = "March";
workSheet["D1"].Value = "April";
workSheet["E1"].Value = "May";
workSheet["F1"].Value = "June";
workSheet["G1"].Value = "July";
workSheet["H1"].Value = "August";
workSheet["I1"].Value = "September";
workSheet["J1"].Value = "October";
workSheet["K1"].Value = "November";
workSheet["L1"].Value = "December";
// Set different data types - IronXL handles conversion automatically
workSheet["A2"].Value = 1500.50m; // Decimal for currency
workSheet["A3"].Value = DateTime.Now; // Date values
workSheet["A4"].Value = true; // Boolean values
// Set month names in first row for annual budget spreadsheet
workSheet["A1"].Value = "January";
workSheet["B1"].Value = "February";
workSheet["C1"].Value = "March";
workSheet["D1"].Value = "April";
workSheet["E1"].Value = "May";
workSheet["F1"].Value = "June";
workSheet["G1"].Value = "July";
workSheet["H1"].Value = "August";
workSheet["I1"].Value = "September";
workSheet["J1"].Value = "October";
workSheet["K1"].Value = "November";
workSheet["L1"].Value = "December";
// Set different data types - IronXL handles conversion automatically
workSheet["A2"].Value = 1500.50m; // Decimal for currency
workSheet["A3"].Value = DateTime.Now; // Date values
workSheet["A4"].Value = true; // Boolean values
' Set month names in first row for annual budget spreadsheet
workSheet("A1").Value = "January"
workSheet("B1").Value = "February"
workSheet("C1").Value = "March"
workSheet("D1").Value = "April"
workSheet("E1").Value = "May"
workSheet("F1").Value = "June"
workSheet("G1").Value = "July"
workSheet("H1").Value = "August"
workSheet("I1").Value = "September"
workSheet("J1").Value = "October"
workSheet("K1").Value = "November"
workSheet("L1").Value = "December"
' Set different data types - IronXL handles conversion automatically
workSheet("A2").Value = 1500.50D ' Decimal for currency
workSheet("A3").Value = DateTime.Now ' Date values
workSheet("A4").Value = True ' Boolean values
Value 屬性可接受多種資料類型,包括字串、數字、日期及布林值。 IronXL 會根據資料類型自動格式化儲存格。
如何動態設定儲存格值?
動態值設定非常適合資料驅動的應用程式:
// Initialize random number generator for sample data
Random r = new Random();
// Populate cells with random budget data for each month
for (int i = 2; i <= 11; i++)
{
// Set different budget categories with increasing ranges
workSheet[$"A{i}"].Value = r.Next(1, 1000); // Office Supplies
workSheet[$"B{i}"].Value = r.Next(1000, 2000); // Utilities
workSheet[$"C{i}"].Value = r.Next(2000, 3000); // Rent
workSheet[$"D{i}"].Value = r.Next(3000, 4000); // Salaries
workSheet[$"E{i}"].Value = r.Next(4000, 5000); // Marketing
workSheet[$"F{i}"].Value = r.Next(5000, 6000); // IT Services
workSheet[$"G{i}"].Value = r.Next(6000, 7000); // Travel
workSheet[$"H{i}"].Value = r.Next(7000, 8000); // Training
workSheet[$"I{i}"].Value = r.Next(8000, 9000); // Insurance
workSheet[$"J{i}"].Value = r.Next(9000, 10000); // Equipment
workSheet[$"K{i}"].Value = r.Next(10000, 11000); // Research
workSheet[$"L{i}"].Value = r.Next(11000, 12000); // Misc
}
// Alternative: Set range of cells with same value
workSheet["A13:L13"].Value = 0; // Initialize totals row
// Initialize random number generator for sample data
Random r = new Random();
// Populate cells with random budget data for each month
for (int i = 2; i <= 11; i++)
{
// Set different budget categories with increasing ranges
workSheet[$"A{i}"].Value = r.Next(1, 1000); // Office Supplies
workSheet[$"B{i}"].Value = r.Next(1000, 2000); // Utilities
workSheet[$"C{i}"].Value = r.Next(2000, 3000); // Rent
workSheet[$"D{i}"].Value = r.Next(3000, 4000); // Salaries
workSheet[$"E{i}"].Value = r.Next(4000, 5000); // Marketing
workSheet[$"F{i}"].Value = r.Next(5000, 6000); // IT Services
workSheet[$"G{i}"].Value = r.Next(6000, 7000); // Travel
workSheet[$"H{i}"].Value = r.Next(7000, 8000); // Training
workSheet[$"I{i}"].Value = r.Next(8000, 9000); // Insurance
workSheet[$"J{i}"].Value = r.Next(9000, 10000); // Equipment
workSheet[$"K{i}"].Value = r.Next(10000, 11000); // Research
workSheet[$"L{i}"].Value = r.Next(11000, 12000); // Misc
}
// Alternative: Set range of cells with same value
workSheet["A13:L13"].Value = 0; // Initialize totals row
' Initialize random number generator for sample data
Dim r As New Random()
' Populate cells with random budget data for each month
For i As Integer = 2 To 11
' Set different budget categories with increasing ranges
workSheet($"A{i}").Value = r.Next(1, 1000) ' Office Supplies
workSheet($"B{i}").Value = r.Next(1000, 2000) ' Utilities
workSheet($"C{i}").Value = r.Next(2000, 3000) ' Rent
workSheet($"D{i}").Value = r.Next(3000, 4000) ' Salaries
workSheet($"E{i}").Value = r.Next(4000, 5000) ' Marketing
workSheet($"F{i}").Value = r.Next(5000, 6000) ' IT Services
workSheet($"G{i}").Value = r.Next(6000, 7000) ' Travel
workSheet($"H{i}").Value = r.Next(7000, 8000) ' Training
workSheet($"I{i}").Value = r.Next(8000, 9000) ' Insurance
workSheet($"J{i}").Value = r.Next(9000, 10000) ' Equipment
workSheet($"K{i}").Value = r.Next(10000, 11000) ' Research
workSheet($"L{i}").Value = r.Next(11000, 12000) ' Misc
Next i
' Alternative: Set range of cells with same value
workSheet("A13:L13").Value = 0 ' Initialize totals row
字串插值 ($"...") 讓您能輕鬆地動態引用儲存格。 Item 索引器同時支援單一儲存格與儲存格範圍。
如何從資料庫匯入資料至 Excel?
將資料從資料庫載入 Excel 是一項常見的需求:
using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using IronXL;
// Database connection setup for retrieving sales data
string connectionString = @"Data Source=ServerName;Initial Catalog=SalesDB;Integrated Security=true";
string query = "SELECT ProductName, Quantity, UnitPrice, TotalSales FROM MonthlySales";
// Create DataSet to hold query results
DataSet salesData = new DataSet();
using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
using (SqlDataAdapter adapter = new SqlDataAdapter(query, connection))
{
// Fill DataSet with sales information
adapter.Fill(salesData);
}
// Write headers for database columns
workSheet["A1"].Value = "Product Name";
workSheet["B1"].Value = "Quantity";
workSheet["C1"].Value = "Unit Price";
workSheet["D1"].Value = "Total Sales";
// Apply header formatting
workSheet["A1:D1"].Style.Font.Bold = true;
workSheet["A1:D1"].Style.SetBackgroundColor("#4472C4");
workSheet["A1:D1"].Style.Font.FontColor = "#FFFFFF";
// Populate Excel with database records
DataTable salesTable = salesData.Tables[0];
for (int row = 0; row < salesTable.Rows.Co/unt; row++)
{
int excelRow = row + 2; // Start from row 2 (after headers)
workSheet[$"A{excelRow}"].Value = salesTable.Rows[row]["ProductName"].ToString();
workSheet[$"B{excelRow}"].Value = Convert.ToInt32(salesTable.Rows[row]["Quantity"]);
workSheet[$"C{excelRow}"].Value = Convert.ToDecimal(salesTable.Rows[row]["UnitPrice"]);
workSheet[$"D{excelRow}"].Value = Convert.ToDecimal(salesTable.Rows[row]["TotalSales"]);
// Format currency columns
workSheet[$"C{excelRow}"].FormatString = "$#,##0.00";
workSheet[$"D{excelRow}"].FormatString = "$#,##0.00";
}
// Add summary row with formulas
int summaryRow = salesTable.Rows.Co/unt + 2;
workSheet[$"A{summaryRow}"].Value = "TOTAL";
workSheet[$"B{summaryRow}"].Formula = $"=SUM(B2:B{summaryRow-1})";
workSheet[$"D{summaryRow}"].Formula = $"=SUM(D2:D{summaryRow-1})";
using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using IronXL;
// Database connection setup for retrieving sales data
string connectionString = @"Data Source=ServerName;Initial Catalog=SalesDB;Integrated Security=true";
string query = "SELECT ProductName, Quantity, UnitPrice, TotalSales FROM MonthlySales";
// Create DataSet to hold query results
DataSet salesData = new DataSet();
using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
using (SqlDataAdapter adapter = new SqlDataAdapter(query, connection))
{
// Fill DataSet with sales information
adapter.Fill(salesData);
}
// Write headers for database columns
workSheet["A1"].Value = "Product Name";
workSheet["B1"].Value = "Quantity";
workSheet["C1"].Value = "Unit Price";
workSheet["D1"].Value = "Total Sales";
// Apply header formatting
workSheet["A1:D1"].Style.Font.Bold = true;
workSheet["A1:D1"].Style.SetBackgroundColor("#4472C4");
workSheet["A1:D1"].Style.Font.FontColor = "#FFFFFF";
// Populate Excel with database records
DataTable salesTable = salesData.Tables[0];
for (int row = 0; row < salesTable.Rows.Co/unt; row++)
{
int excelRow = row + 2; // Start from row 2 (after headers)
workSheet[$"A{excelRow}"].Value = salesTable.Rows[row]["ProductName"].ToString();
workSheet[$"B{excelRow}"].Value = Convert.ToInt32(salesTable.Rows[row]["Quantity"]);
workSheet[$"C{excelRow}"].Value = Convert.ToDecimal(salesTable.Rows[row]["UnitPrice"]);
workSheet[$"D{excelRow}"].Value = Convert.ToDecimal(salesTable.Rows[row]["TotalSales"]);
// Format currency columns
workSheet[$"C{excelRow}"].FormatString = "$#,##0.00";
workSheet[$"D{excelRow}"].FormatString = "$#,##0.00";
}
// Add summary row with formulas
int summaryRow = salesTable.Rows.Co/unt + 2;
workSheet[$"A{summaryRow}"].Value = "TOTAL";
workSheet[$"B{summaryRow}"].Formula = $"=SUM(B2:B{summaryRow-1})";
workSheet[$"D{summaryRow}"].Formula = $"=SUM(D2:D{summaryRow-1})";
Imports System.Data
Imports System.Data.SqlClient
Imports IronXL
' Database connection setup for retrieving sales data
Dim connectionString As String = "Data Source=ServerName;Initial Catalog=SalesDB;Integrated Security=true"
Dim query As String = "SELECT ProductName, Quantity, UnitPrice, TotalSales FROM MonthlySales"
' Create DataSet to hold query results
Dim salesData As New DataSet()
Using connection As New SqlConnection(connectionString)
Using adapter As New SqlDataAdapter(query, connection)
' Fill DataSet with sales information
adapter.Fill(salesData)
End Using
End Using
' Write headers for database columns
workSheet("A1").Value = "Product Name"
workSheet("B1").Value = "Quantity"
workSheet("C1").Value = "Unit Price"
workSheet("D1").Value = "Total Sales"
' Apply header formatting
workSheet("A1:D1").Style.Font.Bold = True
workSheet("A1:D1").Style.SetBackgroundColor("#4472C4")
workSheet("A1:D1").Style.Font.FontColor = "#FFFFFF"
' Populate Excel with database records
Dim salesTable As DataTable = salesData.Tables(0)
For row As Integer = 0 To salesTable.Rows.Count - 1
Dim excelRow As Integer = row + 2 ' Start from row 2 (after headers)
workSheet($"A{excelRow}").Value = salesTable.Rows(row)("ProductName").ToString()
workSheet($"B{excelRow}").Value = Convert.ToInt32(salesTable.Rows(row)("Quantity"))
workSheet($"C{excelRow}").Value = Convert.ToDecimal(salesTable.Rows(row)("UnitPrice"))
workSheet($"D{excelRow}").Value = Convert.ToDecimal(salesTable.Rows(row)("TotalSales"))
' Format currency columns
workSheet($"C{excelRow}").FormatString = "$#,##0.00"
workSheet($"D{excelRow}").FormatString = "$#,##0.00"
Next
' Add summary row with formulas
Dim summaryRow As Integer = salesTable.Rows.Count + 2
workSheet($"A{summaryRow}").Value = "TOTAL"
workSheet($"B{summaryRow}").Formula = $"=SUM(B2:B{summaryRow - 1})"
workSheet($"D{summaryRow}").Formula = $"=SUM(D2:D{summaryRow - 1})"
此範例展示如何從資料庫讀取 Excel 資料、套用格式,以及使用公式進行計算。 NumberFormat 屬性可實現類似 Excel 的自訂數字格式設定。
如何對 Excel 儲存格套用格式?
如何在 Excel 中設定背景顏色?
儲存格樣式可提升可讀性與視覺吸引力:
// Set header row background to light gray using hex color
workSheet["A1:L1"].Style.SetBackgroundColor("#d3d3d3");
// Apply different colors for data categorization
workSheet["A2:A11"].Style.SetBackgroundColor("#E7F3FF"); // Light blue for January
workSheet["B2:B11"].Style.SetBackgroundColor("#FFF2CC"); // Light yellow for February
// Highlight important cells with bold colors
workSheet["L12"].Style.SetBackgroundColor("#FF0000"); // Red for totals
workSheet["L12"].Style.Font.FontColor = "#FFFFFF"; // White text
// Create alternating row colors for better readability
for (int row = 2; row <= 11; row++)
{
if (row % 2 == 0)
{
workSheet[$"A{row}:L{row}"].Style.SetBackgroundColor("#F2F2F2");
}
}
// Set header row background to light gray using hex color
workSheet["A1:L1"].Style.SetBackgroundColor("#d3d3d3");
// Apply different colors for data categorization
workSheet["A2:A11"].Style.SetBackgroundColor("#E7F3FF"); // Light blue for January
workSheet["B2:B11"].Style.SetBackgroundColor("#FFF2CC"); // Light yellow for February
// Highlight important cells with bold colors
workSheet["L12"].Style.SetBackgroundColor("#FF0000"); // Red for totals
workSheet["L12"].Style.Font.FontColor = "#FFFFFF"; // White text
// Create alternating row colors for better readability
for (int row = 2; row <= 11; row++)
{
if (row % 2 == 0)
{
workSheet[$"A{row}:L{row}"].Style.SetBackgroundColor("#F2F2F2");
}
}
' Set header row background to light gray using hex color
workSheet("A1:L1").Style.SetBackgroundColor("#d3d3d3")
' Apply different colors for data categorization
workSheet("A2:A11").Style.SetBackgroundColor("#E7F3FF") ' Light blue for January
workSheet("B2:B11").Style.SetBackgroundColor("#FFF2CC") ' Light yellow for February
' Highlight important cells with bold colors
workSheet("L12").Style.SetBackgroundColor("#FF0000") ' Red for totals
workSheet("L12").Style.Font.FontColor = "#FFFFFF" ' White text
' Create alternating row colors for better readability
For row As Integer = 2 To 11
If row Mod 2 = 0 Then
workSheet($"A{row}:L{row}").Style.SetBackgroundColor("#F2F2F2")
End If
Next row
SetBackgroundColor 方法接受十六進位色彩代碼。 結合背景色與字體顏色,打造Professional外觀的試算表。
如何在 Excel 中建立邊框?
邊界有助於界定資料區域並改善結構:
using IronXL;
using IronXl.Styles;
// Create header border - thick bottom line to separate from data
workSheet["A1:L1"].Style.TopBorder.SetColor("#000000");
workSheet["A1:L1"].Style.TopBorder.Type = BorderType.Thick;
workSheet["A1:L1"].Style.BottomBorder.SetColor("#000000");
workSheet["A1:L1"].Style.BottomBorder.Type = BorderType.Thick;
// Add right border to last column
workSheet["L2:L11"].Style.RightBorder.SetColor("#000000");
workSheet["L2:L11"].Style.RightBorder.Type = BorderType.Medium;
// Create bottom border for data area
workSheet["A11:L11"].Style.BottomBorder.SetColor("#000000");
workSheet["A11:L11"].Style.BottomBorder.Type = BorderType.Medium;
// Apply complete border around summary section
var summaryRange = workSheet["A12:L12"];
summaryRange.Style.TopBorder.Type = BorderType.Double;
summaryRange.Style.BottomBorder.Type = BorderType.Double;
summaryRange.Style.LeftBorder.Type = BorderType.Thin;
summaryRange.Style.RightBorder.Type = BorderType.Thin;
summaryRange.Style.SetBorderColor("#0070C0"); // Blue borders
using IronXL;
using IronXl.Styles;
// Create header border - thick bottom line to separate from data
workSheet["A1:L1"].Style.TopBorder.SetColor("#000000");
workSheet["A1:L1"].Style.TopBorder.Type = BorderType.Thick;
workSheet["A1:L1"].Style.BottomBorder.SetColor("#000000");
workSheet["A1:L1"].Style.BottomBorder.Type = BorderType.Thick;
// Add right border to last column
workSheet["L2:L11"].Style.RightBorder.SetColor("#000000");
workSheet["L2:L11"].Style.RightBorder.Type = BorderType.Medium;
// Create bottom border for data area
workSheet["A11:L11"].Style.BottomBorder.SetColor("#000000");
workSheet["A11:L11"].Style.BottomBorder.Type = BorderType.Medium;
// Apply complete border around summary section
var summaryRange = workSheet["A12:L12"];
summaryRange.Style.TopBorder.Type = BorderType.Double;
summaryRange.Style.BottomBorder.Type = BorderType.Double;
summaryRange.Style.LeftBorder.Type = BorderType.Thin;
summaryRange.Style.RightBorder.Type = BorderType.Thin;
summaryRange.Style.SetBorderColor("#0070C0"); // Blue borders
Imports IronXL
Imports IronXl.Styles
' Create header border - thick bottom line to separate from data
workSheet("A1:L1").Style.TopBorder.SetColor("#000000")
workSheet("A1:L1").Style.TopBorder.Type = BorderType.Thick
workSheet("A1:L1").Style.BottomBorder.SetColor("#000000")
workSheet("A1:L1").Style.BottomBorder.Type = BorderType.Thick
' Add right border to last column
workSheet("L2:L11").Style.RightBorder.SetColor("#000000")
workSheet("L2:L11").Style.RightBorder.Type = BorderType.Medium
' Create bottom border for data area
workSheet("A11:L11").Style.BottomBorder.SetColor("#000000")
workSheet("A11:L11").Style.BottomBorder.Type = BorderType.Medium
' Apply complete border around summary section
Dim summaryRange = workSheet("A12:L12")
summaryRange.Style.TopBorder.Type = BorderType.Double
summaryRange.Style.BottomBorder.Type = BorderType.Double
summaryRange.Style.LeftBorder.Type = BorderType.Thin
summaryRange.Style.RightBorder.Type = BorderType.Thin
summaryRange.Style.SetBorderColor("#0070C0") ' Blue borders
IronXL 支援多種邊框類型,包括細線、中線、粗線、雙線、點線及虛線。 每個邊框邊緣皆可獨立設定樣式。
How Do I Use Excel Formulas in C#?
IronXL 提供強大的公式支援與自動計算功能:
// Use built-in aggregation functions for ranges
decimal sum = workSheet["A2:A11"].Sum();
decimal avg = workSheet["B2:B11"].Avg();
decimal max = workSheet["C2:C11"].Max();
decimal min = workSheet["D2:D11"].Min();
// Assign calculated values to cells
workSheet["A12"].Value = sum;
workSheet["B12"].Value = avg;
workSheet["C12"].Value = max;
workSheet["D12"].Value = min;
// Or use Excel formulas directly
workSheet["A12"].Formula = "=SUM(A2:A11)";
workSheet["B12"].Formula = "=AVERAGE(B2:B11)";
workSheet["C12"].Formula = "=MAX(C2:C11)";
workSheet["D12"].Formula = "=MIN(D2:D11)";
// Complex formulas with multiple functions
workSheet["E12"].Formula = "=IF(SUM(E2:E11)>50000,\"Over Budget\",\"On Track\")";
workSheet["F12"].Formula = "=SUMIF(F2:F11,\">5000\")";
// Percentage calculations
workSheet["G12"].Formula = "=G11/SUM(G2:G11)*100";
workSheet["G12"].FormatString = "0.00%";
// Ensure all formulas calculate
workSheet.EvaluateAll();
// Use built-in aggregation functions for ranges
decimal sum = workSheet["A2:A11"].Sum();
decimal avg = workSheet["B2:B11"].Avg();
decimal max = workSheet["C2:C11"].Max();
decimal min = workSheet["D2:D11"].Min();
// Assign calculated values to cells
workSheet["A12"].Value = sum;
workSheet["B12"].Value = avg;
workSheet["C12"].Value = max;
workSheet["D12"].Value = min;
// Or use Excel formulas directly
workSheet["A12"].Formula = "=SUM(A2:A11)";
workSheet["B12"].Formula = "=AVERAGE(B2:B11)";
workSheet["C12"].Formula = "=MAX(C2:C11)";
workSheet["D12"].Formula = "=MIN(D2:D11)";
// Complex formulas with multiple functions
workSheet["E12"].Formula = "=IF(SUM(E2:E11)>50000,\"Over Budget\",\"On Track\")";
workSheet["F12"].Formula = "=SUMIF(F2:F11,\">5000\")";
// Percentage calculations
workSheet["G12"].Formula = "=G11/SUM(G2:G11)*100";
workSheet["G12"].FormatString = "0.00%";
// Ensure all formulas calculate
workSheet.EvaluateAll();
' Use built-in aggregation functions for ranges
Dim sum As Decimal = workSheet("A2:A11").Sum()
Dim avg As Decimal = workSheet("B2:B11").Avg()
Dim max As Decimal = workSheet("C2:C11").Max()
Dim min As Decimal = workSheet("D2:D11").Min()
' Assign calculated values to cells
workSheet("A12").Value = sum
workSheet("B12").Value = avg
workSheet("C12").Value = max
workSheet("D12").Value = min
' Or use Excel formulas directly
workSheet("A12").Formula = "=SUM(A2:A11)"
workSheet("B12").Formula = "=AVERAGE(B2:B11)"
workSheet("C12").Formula = "=MAX(C2:C11)"
workSheet("D12").Formula = "=MIN(D2:D11)"
' Complex formulas with multiple functions
workSheet("E12").Formula = "=IF(SUM(E2:E11)>50000,""Over Budget"",""On Track"")"
workSheet("F12").Formula = "=SUMIF(F2:F11,"">5000"")"
' Percentage calculations
workSheet("G12").Formula = "=G11/SUM(G2:G11)*100"
workSheet("G12").FormatString = "0.00%"
' Ensure all formulas calculate
workSheet.EvaluateAll()
Range 類別提供 Max 及 Min 等方法,用於快速計算。 對於更複雜的場景,請使用 Formula 屬性直接設定 Excel 公式。
{t:(在處理範圍時,建議優先使用 IronXL 內建的 .Max() 及 .Min() 方法,而非原始公式字串 — 這些方法具備類型安全性,可避免公式語法錯誤。)}
如何設定工作表與PRINT屬性?
using IronXL 來保護個別工作表、凍結列與欄,以及設定列印格式選項。
如何設定工作表屬性?
保護工作表並控制檢視選項:
// Protect worksheet with password to prevent unauthorized changes
workSheet.ProtectSheet("SecurePassword123");
// Freeze panes to keep headers visible while scrolling
workSheet.CreateFreezePane(0, 1); // Freeze first row
// workSheet.CreateFreezePane(1, 1); // Freeze first row and column
// Set worksheet visibility options
workSheet.ViewState = WorkSheetViewState.Visible; // or Hidden, VeryHidden
// Configure gridlines and headers
workSheet.ShowGridLines = true;
workSheet.ShowRowColHeaders = true;
// Set zoom level for better viewing
workSheet.Zoom = 85; // 85% zoom
// Protect worksheet with password to prevent unauthorized changes
workSheet.ProtectSheet("SecurePassword123");
// Freeze panes to keep headers visible while scrolling
workSheet.CreateFreezePane(0, 1); // Freeze first row
// workSheet.CreateFreezePane(1, 1); // Freeze first row and column
// Set worksheet visibility options
workSheet.ViewState = WorkSheetViewState.Visible; // or Hidden, VeryHidden
// Configure gridlines and headers
workSheet.ShowGridLines = true;
workSheet.ShowRowColHeaders = true;
// Set zoom level for better viewing
workSheet.Zoom = 85; // 85% zoom
' Protect worksheet with password to prevent unauthorized changes
workSheet.ProtectSheet("SecurePassword123")
' Freeze panes to keep headers visible while scrolling
workSheet.CreateFreezePane(0, 1) ' Freeze first row
' workSheet.CreateFreezePane(1, 1); // Freeze first row and column
' Set worksheet visibility options
workSheet.ViewState = WorkSheetViewState.Visible ' or Hidden, VeryHidden
' Configure gridlines and headers
workSheet.ShowGridLines = True
workSheet.ShowRowColHeaders = True
' Set zoom level for better viewing
workSheet.Zoom = 85 ' 85% zoom
工作表保護功能可防止意外修改,而凍結區塊功能則能在捲動時保持重要列或欄位始終可見。

圖 7 - 捲動時固定頂部行仍保持可見

圖 8 - 密碼保護可防止未經授權的編輯
如何設定頁面與列印設定?
透過 IronXL 設定 Professional 列印選項:
using IronXl.Printing;
// Define print area to exclude empty cells
workSheet.SetPrintArea("A1:L12");
// Configure page orientation for wide data
workSheet.PrintSetup.PrintOrientation = PrintOrientation.Landscape;
// Set paper size for standard printing
workSheet.PrintSetup.PaperSize = PaperSize.A4;
// Adjust margins for better layout (in inches)
workSheet.PrintSetup.LeftMargin = 0.5;
workSheet.PrintSetup.RightMargin = 0.5;
workSheet.PrintSetup.TopMargin = 0.75;
workSheet.PrintSetup.BottomMargin = 0.75;
// Configure header and footer
workSheet.PrintSetup.HeaderMargin = 0.3;
workSheet.PrintSetup.FooterMargin = 0.3;
// Scale to fit on one page
workSheet.PrintSetup.FitToPage = true;
workSheet.PrintSetup.FitToHeight = 1;
workSheet.PrintSetup.FitToWidth = 1;
// Add print headers/footers
workSheet.Header.Center = "Monthly Budget Report";
workSheet.Footer.Left = DateTime.Now.ToShortDateString();
workSheet.Footer.Right = "Page &P of &N"; // Page numbering
using IronXl.Printing;
// Define print area to exclude empty cells
workSheet.SetPrintArea("A1:L12");
// Configure page orientation for wide data
workSheet.PrintSetup.PrintOrientation = PrintOrientation.Landscape;
// Set paper size for standard printing
workSheet.PrintSetup.PaperSize = PaperSize.A4;
// Adjust margins for better layout (in inches)
workSheet.PrintSetup.LeftMargin = 0.5;
workSheet.PrintSetup.RightMargin = 0.5;
workSheet.PrintSetup.TopMargin = 0.75;
workSheet.PrintSetup.BottomMargin = 0.75;
// Configure header and footer
workSheet.PrintSetup.HeaderMargin = 0.3;
workSheet.PrintSetup.FooterMargin = 0.3;
// Scale to fit on one page
workSheet.PrintSetup.FitToPage = true;
workSheet.PrintSetup.FitToHeight = 1;
workSheet.PrintSetup.FitToWidth = 1;
// Add print headers/footers
workSheet.Header.Center = "Monthly Budget Report";
workSheet.Footer.Left = DateTime.Now.ToShortDateString();
workSheet.Footer.Right = "Page &P of &N"; // Page numbering
Imports IronXl.Printing
' Define print area to exclude empty cells
workSheet.SetPrintArea("A1:L12")
' Configure page orientation for wide data
workSheet.PrintSetup.PrintOrientation = PrintOrientation.Landscape
' Set paper size for standard printing
workSheet.PrintSetup.PaperSize = PaperSize.A4
' Adjust margins for better layout (in inches)
workSheet.PrintSetup.LeftMargin = 0.5
workSheet.PrintSetup.RightMargin = 0.5
workSheet.PrintSetup.TopMargin = 0.75
workSheet.PrintSetup.BottomMargin = 0.75
' Configure header and footer
workSheet.PrintSetup.HeaderMargin = 0.3
workSheet.PrintSetup.FooterMargin = 0.3
' Scale to fit on one page
workSheet.PrintSetup.FitToPage = True
workSheet.PrintSetup.FitToHeight = 1
workSheet.PrintSetup.FitToWidth = 1
' Add print headers/footers
workSheet.Header.Center = "Monthly Budget Report"
workSheet.Footer.Left = DateTime.Now.ToShortDateString()
workSheet.Footer.Right = "Page &P of &N" ' Page numbering
IPrintSetup 類別提供與 Excel 列印設定相符的全面列印配置選項。

圖 9 - 橫向排版與自訂邊距的列印預覽
如何儲存我的 Excel 工作簿?
將工作簿儲存為各種格式:
// Save as XLSX (recommended for modern Excel)
workBook.SaveAs("Budget.xlsx");
// Save as XLS for legacy compatibility
workBook.SaveAs("Budget.xls");
// Save as CSV for data exchange
workBook.SaveAsCsv("Budget.csv");
// Save as JSON for web applications
workBook.SaveAsJson("Budget.json");
// Save to stream for web downloads or cloud storage
using (var stream = new MemoryStream())
{
workBook.SaveAs(stream);
byte[] excelData = stream.ToArray();
// Send to client or save to cloud
}
// Save with specific encoding for international characters
workBook.SaveAsCsv("Budget_UTF8.csv", System.Text.Encoding.UTF8);
// Save as XLSX (recommended for modern Excel)
workBook.SaveAs("Budget.xlsx");
// Save as XLS for legacy compatibility
workBook.SaveAs("Budget.xls");
// Save as CSV for data exchange
workBook.SaveAsCsv("Budget.csv");
// Save as JSON for web applications
workBook.SaveAsJson("Budget.json");
// Save to stream for web downloads or cloud storage
using (var stream = new MemoryStream())
{
workBook.SaveAs(stream);
byte[] excelData = stream.ToArray();
// Send to client or save to cloud
}
// Save with specific encoding for international characters
workBook.SaveAsCsv("Budget_UTF8.csv", System.Text.Encoding.UTF8);
' Save as XLSX (recommended for modern Excel)
workBook.SaveAs("Budget.xlsx")
' Save as XLS for legacy compatibility
workBook.SaveAs("Budget.xls")
' Save as CSV for data exchange
workBook.SaveAsCsv("Budget.csv")
' Save as JSON for web applications
workBook.SaveAsJson("Budget.json")
' Save to stream for web downloads or cloud storage
Using stream = New MemoryStream()
workBook.SaveAs(stream)
Dim excelData() As Byte = stream.ToArray()
' Send to client or save to cloud
End Using
' Save with specific encoding for international characters
workBook.SaveAsCsv("Budget_UTF8.csv", System.Text.Encoding.UTF8)
IronXL 支援多種匯出格式,包括 XLSX、XLS、CSV、TSV 及 JSON。 Save 方法會根據檔案副檔名自動判定格式。
- XLSX / XLS:完整的 Excel 格式,包含格式設定、公式及多個工作表
- CSV:用於資料交換的純文字格式 — 每份檔案對應一個工作表
- JSON:適用於 Web API 和資料管道的結構化輸出格式
- Stream:用於記憶體內輸出 — 適用於網頁下載或雲端儲存
摘要
本教學示範了如何使用 IronXL,在不依賴 Microsoft Office 的情況下,透過 C# 建立 Excel 檔案。 您已學習了 Excel 的基本操作,包括工作簿建立、儲存格操作、格式設定、公式使用以及各種儲存選項。 IronXL 直觀的 API 讓 .NET 開發人員能輕鬆實現 Excel 自動化。
若需更進階的功能,請探索合併儲存格及建立圖表。 準備好在生產環境中使用 IronXL 了嗎? 立即開始免費試用或查看授權方案。
接下來該做什麼?
既然您現在已經可以透過 C# 建立 Excel 檔案,不妨進一步探索這些相關的 IronXL 功能:
WorkBook``WorkSheet``WorkBook.Create``CreateWorkSheet``CreateWorkSheet("name")``GetWorkSheet("name")``Cell.Value``$"A{i}"``Range``FormatString``Style.SetBackgroundColor``Range``Sum()``Avg()``Max()``Min()``Formula``PrintSetup``SaveAs
常見問題
如何在不使用 Interop 的情況下,透過 C# 建立 Excel 檔案?
您可以使用 IronXL 在不需 Interop 的情況下建立 Excel 檔案,該工具提供一個簡單的 API: WorkBook workBook = WorkBook.Create(ExcelFileFormat.XLSX)。此方法適用於任何 .NET 平台,無需安裝 Microsoft Office。
using C# 建立 Excel 檔案支援哪些平台?
IronXL 支援在 .NET 10、.NET 9、.NET 8、.NET Core 及 .NET Framework 4.6.2+ 環境下建立 Excel 檔案,並可在 Windows、macOS、Linux、Docker、Azure 及 AWS 環境中運行。
如何安裝用於生成 Excel 的 C# 函式庫?
請透過 Visual Studio 中的 NuGet 套件管理員安裝 IronXL,使用指令 PM> Install-Package IronXL.Excel,或直接從 NuGet.org 下載。
如何透過程式碼建立新的 Excel 工作簿?
using IronXL 建立工作簿, WorkBook workbook = WorkBook.Create(ExcelFileFormat.XLSX),接著使用 workbook.CreateWorkSheet("SheetName").
如何使用 C# 在 Excel 試算表中設定儲存格值?
使用直觀的語法在 IronXL 中設定儲存格值: worksheet["A1"].Value = "Hello World" 或設定範圍: worksheet["A1:A10"].Value = 100.
我可以透過程式設計方式對 Excel 儲存格套用格式嗎?
是的,IronXL 支援全面的格式設定,包括背景顏色(cell.Style.SetBackgroundColor("#FF0000"))、邊框、字型及數字格式。
如何在 C# 中使用 Excel 公式?
using IronXL 的 Formula 屬性套用公式: worksheet["A1"].Formula = "=SUM(B1:B10)",或使用內建方法如 range.Sum(), range.Avg().
如何使用密碼保護 Excel 試算表?
using IronXL 以保护工作表 worksheet.ProtectSheet("YourPassword") 來防止未經授權的修改。
如何設定 Excel 檔案的 PRINT 設定?
using IronXL 的 PrintSetup 設定列印屬性: worksheet.PrintSetup.PrintOrientation = PrintOrientation.Landscape 以及 worksheet.SetPrintArea("A1:Z100").
如何將 Excel 工作簿儲存為不同格式?
using IronXL 的 SaveAs 方法儲存工作簿: workbook.SaveAs("file.xlsx") 用於 XLSX 格式,或使用 SaveAsCsv(), SaveAsJson() 其他格式。
如何將資料庫中的資料填入 Excel 試算表?
using IronXL 從資料庫擷取資料,並透過以下方法將其填入工作表儲存格中: worksheet["A1"].Value = dataFromDatabase.
如何使用 C# 在 Excel 試算表中實現「凍結橫行與縱行」功能?
using IronXL 透過 worksheet.FreezePanes(1, 1) 鎖定頂部行和最左側欄,以便更輕鬆地導覽。

