如何在C#中創建Excel文件

如何在不使用互通的情況下用 C# 建立 Excel 文件

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學習如何使用 IronXL 在 C# 中產生 Excel 檔案——IronXL 是一個功能強大的 .NET Excel 庫,可以建立、讀取和編輯電子表格,而無需依賴 Microsoft Office。 本教學將透過逐步程式碼範例,引導您以程式設計方式建立 Excel 工作簿。

快速入門:一行簡單Excel工作簿建立

使用 IronXL 可以立即建立一個新的 Excel 檔案——只需選擇格式、新增工作表、設定任意儲存格值並儲存即可。 這是產生 XLSX 檔案的最快方法,它具有直覺的 API 調用,並且不會出現任何互通性問題。

Nuget Icon立即開始使用 NuGet 建立 PDF 檔案:

  1. 使用 NuGet 套件管理器安裝 IronXL

    PM > Install-Package IronXL.Excel

  2. 複製並運行這段程式碼。

    WorkBook book = IronXL.WorkBook.Create(IronXL.ExcelFileFormat.XLSX); book.CreateWorkSheet("Sheet1")["A1"].Value = "Hello World"; book.SaveAs("MyFile.xlsx");
  3. 部署到您的生產環境進行測試

    立即開始在您的專案中使用 IronXL,免費試用!
    arrow pointer

概述

什麼是 IronXL?為什麼要使用它來建立 Excel 檔案?

IronXL 是一個直觀的 C# 和 VB Excel API ,使您能夠在 .NET 中讀取、編輯和建立 Excel 電子表格文件,並具有卓越的性能。 與傳統方法不同,無需安裝 Microsoft Office 或使用 Excel Interop,讓部署更簡單、更可靠。

IronXL 完全支援 .NET 9、.NET 8、.NET Core、.NET Framework、Xamarin、行動裝置、Linux、macOS 和 Azure 環境。

IronXL 功能

  • 由我們的 .NET 開發團隊直接提供人工支援 使用 Microsoft Visual Studio 快速安裝
  • 免費用於開發。 來自$799許可證

如何快速建立並儲存Excel檔案?

透過 NuGet 安裝 IronXL直接下載 DLL 檔案

using IronXL;

// Create a new Excel workbook with XLSX format
WorkBook workBook = WorkBook.Create(ExcelFileFormat.XLSX);

// Add a worksheet to the workbook
var workSheet = workBook.CreateWorkSheet("example_sheet");

// Set individual cell values using intuitive syntax
workSheet["A1"].Value = "Example";

// Set multiple cells at once using range syntax
workSheet["A2:A4"].Value = 5;

// Apply cell styling - set background color using hex code
workSheet["A5"].Style.SetBackgroundColor("#f0f0f0");

// Make text bold for better visibility
workSheet["A5:A6"].Style.Font.Bold = true;

// Add Excel formula to calculate sum
workSheet["A6"].Formula = "=SUM(A2:A4)";

// Calculate all formulas to show results
workSheet.EvaluateAll();

// Verify formula calculation worked correctly
if (workSheet["A6"].IntValue == 15) // Sum of three cells with value 5
{
    Console.WriteLine("Formula calculation successful!");
}

// Save the Excel file to disk
workBook.SaveAs("example_workbook.xlsx");
using IronXL;

// Create a new Excel workbook with XLSX format
WorkBook workBook = WorkBook.Create(ExcelFileFormat.XLSX);

// Add a worksheet to the workbook
var workSheet = workBook.CreateWorkSheet("example_sheet");

// Set individual cell values using intuitive syntax
workSheet["A1"].Value = "Example";

// Set multiple cells at once using range syntax
workSheet["A2:A4"].Value = 5;

// Apply cell styling - set background color using hex code
workSheet["A5"].Style.SetBackgroundColor("#f0f0f0");

// Make text bold for better visibility
workSheet["A5:A6"].Style.Font.Bold = true;

// Add Excel formula to calculate sum
workSheet["A6"].Formula = "=SUM(A2:A4)";

// Calculate all formulas to show results
workSheet.EvaluateAll();

// Verify formula calculation worked correctly
if (workSheet["A6"].IntValue == 15) // Sum of three cells with value 5
{
    Console.WriteLine("Formula calculation successful!");
}

// Save the Excel file to disk
workBook.SaveAs("example_workbook.xlsx");
Imports IronXL

' Create a new Excel workbook with XLSX format
Private workBook As WorkBook = WorkBook.Create(ExcelFileFormat.XLSX)

' Add a worksheet to the workbook
Private workSheet = workBook.CreateWorkSheet("example_sheet")

' Set individual cell values using intuitive syntax
Private workSheet("A1").Value = "Example"

' Set multiple cells at once using range syntax
Private workSheet("A2:A4").Value = 5

' Apply cell styling - set background color using hex code
workSheet("A5").Style.SetBackgroundColor("#f0f0f0")

' Make text bold for better visibility
workSheet("A5:A6").Style.Font.Bold = True

' Add Excel formula to calculate sum
workSheet("A6").Formula = "=SUM(A2:A4)"

' Calculate all formulas to show results
workSheet.EvaluateAll()

' Verify formula calculation worked correctly
If workSheet("A6").IntValue = 15 Then ' Sum of three cells with value 5
	Console.WriteLine("Formula calculation successful!")
End If

' Save the Excel file to disk
workBook.SaveAs("example_workbook.xlsx")
$vbLabelText   $csharpLabel

此程式碼示範了 IronXL 的主要功能:建立工作簿、新增工作表、設定儲存格值和樣式、使用公式以及儲存檔案。 WorkBook類別是所有 Excel 操作的入口點,而WorkSheet類別提供了操作單一工作表的方法。


步驟 1

1. 如何安裝 IronXL C# 函式庫?

使用 NuGet ( Install-Package IronXL ) 安裝 IronXL 庫,或直接下載 DLL 檔案

立即開始在您的項目中使用 IronXL 並免費試用。

第一步:
green arrow pointer


如何使用 NuGet 安裝 IronXL?

安裝 IronXL NuGet 套件有三種方法:

  1. Visual Studio 套件管理器
  2. 開發人員命令提示符
  3. 直接從 NuGet.org 下載

Visual Studio 安裝

Visual Studio 提供了 NuGet 套件管理器,方便使用者輕鬆安裝軟體套件。 透過"專案"功能表或在"解決方案資源管理器"中右鍵單擊項目來存取它。

Visual Studio 專案功能表中顯示

圖 3透過"專案"選單存取 NuGet 套件管理器

解決方案資源管理器上下文功能表顯示

圖 4解決方案資源管理器中的右鍵點選上下文選單


點選"管理 NuGet 套件"後,瀏覽至 IronXL.Excel 套件並進行安裝。


NuGet 套件管理器顯示 IronXL.Excel 套件已準備好安裝

圖 5透過 NuGet 套件管理器安裝 IronXL.Excel

開發者命令提示字元安裝

使用以下命令開啟軟體包管理器控制台:

Install-Package IronXL.Excel

直接下載安裝

  1. 導航至:https://www.nuget.org/packages/IronXL.Excel/
  2. 點選下載軟體包
  3. 雙擊下載的軟體包
  4. 重新載入 Visual Studio 項目

如何透過下載 DLL 檔案來安裝 IronXL?

直接從以下位置下載 IronXL:https://ironsoftware.com/csharp/excel/

IronXL 網站下載頁面顯示了安裝說明和下載按鈕

圖 6從官方網站下載 IronXL 庫

在項目中引用該庫:

  1. 在解決方案資源管理器中以滑鼠右鍵按一下解決方案。
  2. 選擇參考文獻
  3. 瀏覽並找到 IronXL.dll 庫
  4. 按一下"確定"

我們走吧!

現在,您可以開始探索 IronXL 強大的 Excel 處理功能了!


如何使用教學

2. 如何建立一個用於產生 Excel 的 ASP.NET 專案?

請依照下列步驟建立 ASP.NET 網站:

  1. 開啟 Visual Studio
  2. 點選"檔案">"新建專案"
  3. 在"專案類型"清單中,選擇"Visual C#"下的"Web"。
  4. 選擇 ASP.NET Web 應用程式


    Visual Studio 新專案對話框,並選取 ASP.NET Web 應用程式

    圖 1Create new ASP.NET project

  5. 按一下"確定"
  6. 選擇 Web 表單模板

    ASP.NET 專案範本選擇,顯示 Web 表單選項

    圖 2Select Web Forms template

  7. 按一下"確定"

專案準備就緒後,安裝 IronXL 即可開始以程式設計方式建立 Excel 檔案。


3. 如何在 C# 中建立 Excel 工作簿?

使用 IronXL 建立新的 Excel 工作簿只需要一行程式碼:

using IronXL;

// Create workbook with XLSX format (recommended for modern Excel)
WorkBook workbook = WorkBook.Create(ExcelFileFormat.XLSX);

// Alternative: Create legacy XLS format for older Excel versions
WorkBook legacyWorkbook = WorkBook.Create(ExcelFileFormat.XLS);
using IronXL;

// Create workbook with XLSX format (recommended for modern Excel)
WorkBook workbook = WorkBook.Create(ExcelFileFormat.XLSX);

// Alternative: Create legacy XLS format for older Excel versions
WorkBook legacyWorkbook = WorkBook.Create(ExcelFileFormat.XLS);
Imports IronXL

' Create workbook with XLSX format (recommended for modern Excel)
Private workbook As WorkBook = WorkBook.Create(ExcelFileFormat.XLSX)

' Alternative: Create legacy XLS format for older Excel versions
Private legacyWorkbook As WorkBook = WorkBook.Create(ExcelFileFormat.XLS)
$vbLabelText   $csharpLabel

WorkBook.Create方法同時支援 XLS(Excel 97-2003)和 XLSX(Excel 2007+)格式。 建議使用 XLSX 格式以獲得更好的效能和更小的檔案大小。

3.1. 如何在我的工作簿中新增工作表?

新增工作表很簡單:

// Create a worksheet with custom name for budget tracking
WorkSheet budgetSheet = workbook.CreateWorkSheet("2020 Budget");

// Add multiple worksheets for different purposes
WorkSheet salesSheet = workbook.CreateWorkSheet("Sales Data");
WorkSheet inventorySheet = workbook.CreateWorkSheet("Inventory");

// Access existing worksheet by name
WorkSheet existingSheet = workbook.GetWorkSheet("2020 Budget");
// Create a worksheet with custom name for budget tracking
WorkSheet budgetSheet = workbook.CreateWorkSheet("2020 Budget");

// Add multiple worksheets for different purposes
WorkSheet salesSheet = workbook.CreateWorkSheet("Sales Data");
WorkSheet inventorySheet = workbook.CreateWorkSheet("Inventory");

// Access existing worksheet by name
WorkSheet existingSheet = workbook.GetWorkSheet("2020 Budget");
' Create a worksheet with custom name for budget tracking
Dim budgetSheet As WorkSheet = workbook.CreateWorkSheet("2020 Budget")

' Add multiple worksheets for different purposes
Dim salesSheet As WorkSheet = workbook.CreateWorkSheet("Sales Data")
Dim inventorySheet As WorkSheet = workbook.CreateWorkSheet("Inventory")

' Access existing worksheet by name
Dim existingSheet As WorkSheet = workbook.GetWorkSheet("2020 Budget")
$vbLabelText   $csharpLabel

一本練習冊包含一張或多張練習題。 每個工作表都由行和列組成,單元格位於行和列的交叉點。 使用CreateWorkSheet方法為工作簿新增工作表。


4. 如何在 Excel 中設定儲存格值?

4.1. 如何手動設定儲存格值?

設定單一儲存格值時,可以使用類似 Excel 的直覺式語法:

// Set month names in first row for annual budget spreadsheet
workSheet["A1"].Value = "January";
workSheet["B1"].Value = "February";
workSheet["C1"].Value = "March";
workSheet["D1"].Value = "April";
workSheet["E1"].Value = "May";
workSheet["F1"].Value = "June";
workSheet["G1"].Value = "July";
workSheet["H1"].Value = "August";
workSheet["I1"].Value = "September";
workSheet["J1"].Value = "October";
workSheet["K1"].Value = "November";
workSheet["L1"].Value = "December";

// Set different data types - IronXL handles conversion automatically
workSheet["A2"].Value = 1500.50m;  // Decimal for currency
workSheet["A3"].Value = DateTime.Now;  // Date values
workSheet["A4"].Value = true;  // Boolean values
// Set month names in first row for annual budget spreadsheet
workSheet["A1"].Value = "January";
workSheet["B1"].Value = "February";
workSheet["C1"].Value = "March";
workSheet["D1"].Value = "April";
workSheet["E1"].Value = "May";
workSheet["F1"].Value = "June";
workSheet["G1"].Value = "July";
workSheet["H1"].Value = "August";
workSheet["I1"].Value = "September";
workSheet["J1"].Value = "October";
workSheet["K1"].Value = "November";
workSheet["L1"].Value = "December";

// Set different data types - IronXL handles conversion automatically
workSheet["A2"].Value = 1500.50m;  // Decimal for currency
workSheet["A3"].Value = DateTime.Now;  // Date values
workSheet["A4"].Value = true;  // Boolean values
' Set month names in first row for annual budget spreadsheet
workSheet("A1").Value = "January"
workSheet("B1").Value = "February"
workSheet("C1").Value = "March"
workSheet("D1").Value = "April"
workSheet("E1").Value = "May"
workSheet("F1").Value = "June"
workSheet("G1").Value = "July"
workSheet("H1").Value = "August"
workSheet("I1").Value = "September"
workSheet("J1").Value = "October"
workSheet("K1").Value = "November"
workSheet("L1").Value = "December"

' Set different data types - IronXL handles conversion automatically
workSheet("A2").Value = 1500.50D ' Decimal for currency
workSheet("A3").Value = DateTime.Now ' Date values
workSheet("A4").Value = True ' Boolean values
$vbLabelText   $csharpLabel

Cell.Value屬性接受多種資料類型,包括字串、數字、日期和布林值。 IronXL會根據資料類型自動格式化儲存格。

4.2. 如何動態設定儲存格值?

動態值設定非常適合數據驅動型應用:

// Initialize random number generator for sample data
Random r = new Random();

// Populate cells with random budget data for each month
for (int i = 2; i <= 11; i++)
{
    // Set different budget categories with increasing ranges
    workSheet[$"A{i}"].Value = r.Next(1, 1000);     // Office Supplies
    workSheet[$"B{i}"].Value = r.Next(1000, 2000);  // Utilities
    workSheet[$"C{i}"].Value = r.Next(2000, 3000);  // Rent
    workSheet[$"D{i}"].Value = r.Next(3000, 4000);  // Salaries
    workSheet[$"E{i}"].Value = r.Next(4000, 5000);  // Marketing
    workSheet[$"F{i}"].Value = r.Next(5000, 6000);  // IT Services
    workSheet[$"G{i}"].Value = r.Next(6000, 7000);  // Travel
    workSheet[$"H{i}"].Value = r.Next(7000, 8000);  // Training
    workSheet[$"I{i}"].Value = r.Next(8000, 9000);  // Insurance
    workSheet[$"J{i}"].Value = r.Next(9000, 10000); // Equipment
    workSheet[$"K{i}"].Value = r.Next(10000, 11000); // Research
    workSheet[$"L{i}"].Value = r.Next(11000, 12000); // Misc
}

// Alternative: Set range of cells with same value
workSheet["A13:L13"].Value = 0; // Initialize totals row
// Initialize random number generator for sample data
Random r = new Random();

// Populate cells with random budget data for each month
for (int i = 2; i <= 11; i++)
{
    // Set different budget categories with increasing ranges
    workSheet[$"A{i}"].Value = r.Next(1, 1000);     // Office Supplies
    workSheet[$"B{i}"].Value = r.Next(1000, 2000);  // Utilities
    workSheet[$"C{i}"].Value = r.Next(2000, 3000);  // Rent
    workSheet[$"D{i}"].Value = r.Next(3000, 4000);  // Salaries
    workSheet[$"E{i}"].Value = r.Next(4000, 5000);  // Marketing
    workSheet[$"F{i}"].Value = r.Next(5000, 6000);  // IT Services
    workSheet[$"G{i}"].Value = r.Next(6000, 7000);  // Travel
    workSheet[$"H{i}"].Value = r.Next(7000, 8000);  // Training
    workSheet[$"I{i}"].Value = r.Next(8000, 9000);  // Insurance
    workSheet[$"J{i}"].Value = r.Next(9000, 10000); // Equipment
    workSheet[$"K{i}"].Value = r.Next(10000, 11000); // Research
    workSheet[$"L{i}"].Value = r.Next(11000, 12000); // Misc
}

// Alternative: Set range of cells with same value
workSheet["A13:L13"].Value = 0; // Initialize totals row
' Initialize random number generator for sample data
Dim r As New Random()

' Populate cells with random budget data for each month
For i As Integer = 2 To 11
	' Set different budget categories with increasing ranges
	workSheet($"A{i}").Value = r.Next(1, 1000) ' Office Supplies
	workSheet($"B{i}").Value = r.Next(1000, 2000) ' Utilities
	workSheet($"C{i}").Value = r.Next(2000, 3000) ' Rent
	workSheet($"D{i}").Value = r.Next(3000, 4000) ' Salaries
	workSheet($"E{i}").Value = r.Next(4000, 5000) ' Marketing
	workSheet($"F{i}").Value = r.Next(5000, 6000) ' IT Services
	workSheet($"G{i}").Value = r.Next(6000, 7000) ' Travel
	workSheet($"H{i}").Value = r.Next(7000, 8000) ' Training
	workSheet($"I{i}").Value = r.Next(8000, 9000) ' Insurance
	workSheet($"J{i}").Value = r.Next(9000, 10000) ' Equipment
	workSheet($"K{i}").Value = r.Next(10000, 11000) ' Research
	workSheet($"L{i}").Value = r.Next(11000, 12000) ' Misc
Next i

' Alternative: Set range of cells with same value
workSheet("A13:L13").Value = 0 ' Initialize totals row
$vbLabelText   $csharpLabel

字串插值( $&quot;A{i}&quot; )使動態引用儲存格變得容易。 Range索引器支援單一儲存格和範圍。

4.3. 如何從資料庫填充 Excel?

將資料庫中的資料匯入Excel是一項常見需求:

using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using IronXL;

// Database connection setup for retrieving sales data
string connectionString = @"Data Source=ServerName;Initial Catalog=SalesDB;Integrated Security=true";
string query = "SELECT ProductName, Quantity, UnitPrice, TotalSales FROM MonthlySales";

// Create DataSet to hold query results
DataSet salesData = new DataSet();

using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
using (SqlDataAdapter adapter = new SqlDataAdapter(query, connection))
{
    // Fill DataSet with sales information
    adapter.Fill(salesData);
}

// Write headers for database columns
workSheet["A1"].Value = "Product Name";
workSheet["B1"].Value = "Quantity";
workSheet["C1"].Value = "Unit Price";
workSheet["D1"].Value = "Total Sales";

// Apply header formatting
workSheet["A1:D1"].Style.Font.Bold = true;
workSheet["A1:D1"].Style.SetBackgroundColor("#4472C4");
workSheet["A1:D1"].Style.Font.FontColor = "#FFFFFF";

// Populate Excel with database records
DataTable salesTable = salesData.Tables[0];
for (int row = 0; row < salesTable.Rows.Count; row++)
{
    int excelRow = row + 2; // Start from row 2 (after headers)

    workSheet[$"A{excelRow}"].Value = salesTable.Rows[row]["ProductName"].ToString();
    workSheet[$"B{excelRow}"].Value = Convert.ToInt32(salesTable.Rows[row]["Quantity"]);
    workSheet[$"C{excelRow}"].Value = Convert.ToDecimal(salesTable.Rows[row]["UnitPrice"]);
    workSheet[$"D{excelRow}"].Value = Convert.ToDecimal(salesTable.Rows[row]["TotalSales"]);

    // Format currency columns
    workSheet[$"C{excelRow}"].FormatString = "$#,##0.00";
    workSheet[$"D{excelRow}"].FormatString = "$#,##0.00";
}

// Add summary row with formulas
int summaryRow = salesTable.Rows.Count + 2;
workSheet[$"A{summaryRow}"].Value = "TOTAL";
workSheet[$"B{summaryRow}"].Formula = $"=SUM(B2:B{summaryRow-1})";
workSheet[$"D{summaryRow}"].Formula = $"=SUM(D2:D{summaryRow-1})";
using System.Data;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using IronXL;

// Database connection setup for retrieving sales data
string connectionString = @"Data Source=ServerName;Initial Catalog=SalesDB;Integrated Security=true";
string query = "SELECT ProductName, Quantity, UnitPrice, TotalSales FROM MonthlySales";

// Create DataSet to hold query results
DataSet salesData = new DataSet();

using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
using (SqlDataAdapter adapter = new SqlDataAdapter(query, connection))
{
    // Fill DataSet with sales information
    adapter.Fill(salesData);
}

// Write headers for database columns
workSheet["A1"].Value = "Product Name";
workSheet["B1"].Value = "Quantity";
workSheet["C1"].Value = "Unit Price";
workSheet["D1"].Value = "Total Sales";

// Apply header formatting
workSheet["A1:D1"].Style.Font.Bold = true;
workSheet["A1:D1"].Style.SetBackgroundColor("#4472C4");
workSheet["A1:D1"].Style.Font.FontColor = "#FFFFFF";

// Populate Excel with database records
DataTable salesTable = salesData.Tables[0];
for (int row = 0; row < salesTable.Rows.Count; row++)
{
    int excelRow = row + 2; // Start from row 2 (after headers)

    workSheet[$"A{excelRow}"].Value = salesTable.Rows[row]["ProductName"].ToString();
    workSheet[$"B{excelRow}"].Value = Convert.ToInt32(salesTable.Rows[row]["Quantity"]);
    workSheet[$"C{excelRow}"].Value = Convert.ToDecimal(salesTable.Rows[row]["UnitPrice"]);
    workSheet[$"D{excelRow}"].Value = Convert.ToDecimal(salesTable.Rows[row]["TotalSales"]);

    // Format currency columns
    workSheet[$"C{excelRow}"].FormatString = "$#,##0.00";
    workSheet[$"D{excelRow}"].FormatString = "$#,##0.00";
}

// Add summary row with formulas
int summaryRow = salesTable.Rows.Count + 2;
workSheet[$"A{summaryRow}"].Value = "TOTAL";
workSheet[$"B{summaryRow}"].Formula = $"=SUM(B2:B{summaryRow-1})";
workSheet[$"D{summaryRow}"].Formula = $"=SUM(D2:D{summaryRow-1})";
Imports System.Data
Imports System.Data.SqlClient
Imports IronXL

' Database connection setup for retrieving sales data
Private connectionString As String = "Data Source=ServerName;Initial Catalog=SalesDB;Integrated Security=true"
Private query As String = "SELECT ProductName, Quantity, UnitPrice, TotalSales FROM MonthlySales"

' Create DataSet to hold query results
Private salesData As New DataSet()

Using connection As New SqlConnection(connectionString)
Using adapter As New SqlDataAdapter(query, connection)
	' Fill DataSet with sales information
	adapter.Fill(salesData)
End Using
End Using

' Write headers for database columns
workSheet("A1").Value = "Product Name"
workSheet("B1").Value = "Quantity"
workSheet("C1").Value = "Unit Price"
workSheet("D1").Value = "Total Sales"

' Apply header formatting
workSheet("A1:D1").Style.Font.Bold = True
workSheet("A1:D1").Style.SetBackgroundColor("#4472C4")
workSheet("A1:D1").Style.Font.FontColor = "#FFFFFF"

' Populate Excel with database records
Dim salesTable As DataTable = salesData.Tables(0)
For row As Integer = 0 To salesTable.Rows.Count - 1
	Dim excelRow As Integer = row + 2 ' Start from row 2 (after headers)

	workSheet($"A{excelRow}").Value = salesTable.Rows(row)("ProductName").ToString()
	workSheet($"B{excelRow}").Value = Convert.ToInt32(salesTable.Rows(row)("Quantity"))
	workSheet($"C{excelRow}").Value = Convert.ToDecimal(salesTable.Rows(row)("UnitPrice"))
	workSheet($"D{excelRow}").Value = Convert.ToDecimal(salesTable.Rows(row)("TotalSales"))

	' Format currency columns
	workSheet($"C{excelRow}").FormatString = "$#,##0.00"
	workSheet($"D{excelRow}").FormatString = "$#,##0.00"
Next row

' Add summary row with formulas
Dim summaryRow As Integer = salesTable.Rows.Count + 2
workSheet($"A{summaryRow}").Value = "TOTAL"
workSheet($"B{summaryRow}").Formula = $"=SUM(B2:B{summaryRow-1})"
workSheet($"D{summaryRow}").Formula = $"=SUM(D2:D{summaryRow-1})"
$vbLabelText   $csharpLabel

本範例示範如何從資料庫讀取 Excel 資料、應用格式以及使用公式進行計算。 FormatString屬性可以像在 Excel 中一樣自訂數字格式。


5. 如何對 Excel 儲存格套用格式?

5.1. 如何在 Excel 中設定背景顏色?

單元格樣式可以增強可讀性和視覺吸引力:

// Set header row background to light gray using hex color
workSheet["A1:L1"].Style.SetBackgroundColor("#d3d3d3");

// Apply different colors for data categorization
workSheet["A2:A11"].Style.SetBackgroundColor("#E7F3FF"); // Light blue for January
workSheet["B2:B11"].Style.SetBackgroundColor("#FFF2CC"); // Light yellow for February

// Highlight important cells with bold colors
workSheet["L12"].Style.SetBackgroundColor("#FF0000"); // Red for totals
workSheet["L12"].Style.Font.FontColor = "#FFFFFF"; // White text

// Create alternating row colors for better readability
for (int row = 2; row <= 11; row++)
{
    if (row % 2 == 0)
    {
        workSheet[$"A{row}:L{row}"].Style.SetBackgroundColor("#F2F2F2");
    }
}
// Set header row background to light gray using hex color
workSheet["A1:L1"].Style.SetBackgroundColor("#d3d3d3");

// Apply different colors for data categorization
workSheet["A2:A11"].Style.SetBackgroundColor("#E7F3FF"); // Light blue for January
workSheet["B2:B11"].Style.SetBackgroundColor("#FFF2CC"); // Light yellow for February

// Highlight important cells with bold colors
workSheet["L12"].Style.SetBackgroundColor("#FF0000"); // Red for totals
workSheet["L12"].Style.Font.FontColor = "#FFFFFF"; // White text

// Create alternating row colors for better readability
for (int row = 2; row <= 11; row++)
{
    if (row % 2 == 0)
    {
        workSheet[$"A{row}:L{row}"].Style.SetBackgroundColor("#F2F2F2");
    }
}
' Set header row background to light gray using hex color
workSheet("A1:L1").Style.SetBackgroundColor("#d3d3d3")

' Apply different colors for data categorization
workSheet("A2:A11").Style.SetBackgroundColor("#E7F3FF") ' Light blue for January
workSheet("B2:B11").Style.SetBackgroundColor("#FFF2CC") ' Light yellow for February

' Highlight important cells with bold colors
workSheet("L12").Style.SetBackgroundColor("#FF0000") ' Red for totals
workSheet("L12").Style.Font.FontColor = "#FFFFFF" ' White text

' Create alternating row colors for better readability
For row As Integer = 2 To 11
	If row Mod 2 = 0 Then
		workSheet($"A{row}:L{row}").Style.SetBackgroundColor("#F2F2F2")
	End If
Next row
$vbLabelText   $csharpLabel

Style.SetBackgroundColor方法接受十六進位顏色代碼。 將背景顏色與字體顏色結合使用,打造專業美觀的電子表格。

5.2. 如何在 Excel 中建立邊框?

邊界有助於定義資料區域並改善資料結構:

using IronXL;
using IronXL.Styles;

// Create header border - thick bottom line to separate from data
workSheet["A1:L1"].Style.TopBorder.SetColor("#000000");
workSheet["A1:L1"].Style.TopBorder.Type = BorderType.Thick;
workSheet["A1:L1"].Style.BottomBorder.SetColor("#000000");
workSheet["A1:L1"].Style.BottomBorder.Type = BorderType.Thick;

// Add right border to last column
workSheet["L2:L11"].Style.RightBorder.SetColor("#000000");
workSheet["L2:L11"].Style.RightBorder.Type = BorderType.Medium;

// Create bottom border for data area
workSheet["A11:L11"].Style.BottomBorder.SetColor("#000000");
workSheet["A11:L11"].Style.BottomBorder.Type = BorderType.Medium;

// Apply complete border around summary section
var summaryRange = workSheet["A12:L12"];
summaryRange.Style.TopBorder.Type = BorderType.Double;
summaryRange.Style.BottomBorder.Type = BorderType.Double;
summaryRange.Style.LeftBorder.Type = BorderType.Thin;
summaryRange.Style.RightBorder.Type = BorderType.Thin;
summaryRange.Style.SetBorderColor("#0070C0"); // Blue borders
using IronXL;
using IronXL.Styles;

// Create header border - thick bottom line to separate from data
workSheet["A1:L1"].Style.TopBorder.SetColor("#000000");
workSheet["A1:L1"].Style.TopBorder.Type = BorderType.Thick;
workSheet["A1:L1"].Style.BottomBorder.SetColor("#000000");
workSheet["A1:L1"].Style.BottomBorder.Type = BorderType.Thick;

// Add right border to last column
workSheet["L2:L11"].Style.RightBorder.SetColor("#000000");
workSheet["L2:L11"].Style.RightBorder.Type = BorderType.Medium;

// Create bottom border for data area
workSheet["A11:L11"].Style.BottomBorder.SetColor("#000000");
workSheet["A11:L11"].Style.BottomBorder.Type = BorderType.Medium;

// Apply complete border around summary section
var summaryRange = workSheet["A12:L12"];
summaryRange.Style.TopBorder.Type = BorderType.Double;
summaryRange.Style.BottomBorder.Type = BorderType.Double;
summaryRange.Style.LeftBorder.Type = BorderType.Thin;
summaryRange.Style.RightBorder.Type = BorderType.Thin;
summaryRange.Style.SetBorderColor("#0070C0"); // Blue borders
Imports IronXL
Imports IronXL.Styles

' Create header border - thick bottom line to separate from data
workSheet("A1:L1").Style.TopBorder.SetColor("#000000")
workSheet("A1:L1").Style.TopBorder.Type = BorderType.Thick
workSheet("A1:L1").Style.BottomBorder.SetColor("#000000")
workSheet("A1:L1").Style.BottomBorder.Type = BorderType.Thick

' Add right border to last column
workSheet("L2:L11").Style.RightBorder.SetColor("#000000")
workSheet("L2:L11").Style.RightBorder.Type = BorderType.Medium

' Create bottom border for data area
workSheet("A11:L11").Style.BottomBorder.SetColor("#000000")
workSheet("A11:L11").Style.BottomBorder.Type = BorderType.Medium

' Apply complete border around summary section
Dim summaryRange = workSheet("A12:L12")
summaryRange.Style.TopBorder.Type = BorderType.Double
summaryRange.Style.BottomBorder.Type = BorderType.Double
summaryRange.Style.LeftBorder.Type = BorderType.Thin
summaryRange.Style.RightBorder.Type = BorderType.Thin
summaryRange.Style.SetBorderColor("#0070C0") ' Blue borders
$vbLabelText   $csharpLabel

IronXL 支援多種邊框類型,包括細邊框、中等邊框、粗邊框、雙邊框、點狀邊框和虛線邊框。 邊框的每一邊都可以獨立設定樣式。


6. 如何在 C# 中使用 Excel 公式?

IronXL 提供強大的公式支援和自動計算功能:

// Use built-in aggregation functions for ranges
decimal sum = workSheet["A2:A11"].Sum();
decimal avg = workSheet["B2:B11"].Avg();
decimal max = workSheet["C2:C11"].Max();
decimal min = workSheet["D2:D11"].Min();

// Assign calculated values to cells
workSheet["A12"].Value = sum;
workSheet["B12"].Value = avg;
workSheet["C12"].Value = max;
workSheet["D12"].Value = min;

// Or use Excel formulas directly
workSheet["A12"].Formula = "=SUM(A2:A11)";
workSheet["B12"].Formula = "=AVERAGE(B2:B11)";
workSheet["C12"].Formula = "=MAX(C2:C11)";
workSheet["D12"].Formula = "=MIN(D2:D11)";

// Complex formulas with multiple functions
workSheet["E12"].Formula = "=IF(SUM(E2:E11)>50000,\"Over Budget\",\"On Track\")";
workSheet["F12"].Formula = "=SUMIF(F2:F11,\">5000\")";

// Percentage calculations
workSheet["G12"].Formula = "=G11/SUM(G2:G11)*100";
workSheet["G12"].FormatString = "0.00%";

// Ensure all formulas calculate
workSheet.EvaluateAll();
// Use built-in aggregation functions for ranges
decimal sum = workSheet["A2:A11"].Sum();
decimal avg = workSheet["B2:B11"].Avg();
decimal max = workSheet["C2:C11"].Max();
decimal min = workSheet["D2:D11"].Min();

// Assign calculated values to cells
workSheet["A12"].Value = sum;
workSheet["B12"].Value = avg;
workSheet["C12"].Value = max;
workSheet["D12"].Value = min;

// Or use Excel formulas directly
workSheet["A12"].Formula = "=SUM(A2:A11)";
workSheet["B12"].Formula = "=AVERAGE(B2:B11)";
workSheet["C12"].Formula = "=MAX(C2:C11)";
workSheet["D12"].Formula = "=MIN(D2:D11)";

// Complex formulas with multiple functions
workSheet["E12"].Formula = "=IF(SUM(E2:E11)>50000,\"Over Budget\",\"On Track\")";
workSheet["F12"].Formula = "=SUMIF(F2:F11,\">5000\")";

// Percentage calculations
workSheet["G12"].Formula = "=G11/SUM(G2:G11)*100";
workSheet["G12"].FormatString = "0.00%";

// Ensure all formulas calculate
workSheet.EvaluateAll();
' Use built-in aggregation functions for ranges
Dim sum As Decimal = workSheet("A2:A11").Sum()
Dim avg As Decimal = workSheet("B2:B11").Avg()
Dim max As Decimal = workSheet("C2:C11").Max()
Dim min As Decimal = workSheet("D2:D11").Min()

' Assign calculated values to cells
workSheet("A12").Value = sum
workSheet("B12").Value = avg
workSheet("C12").Value = max
workSheet("D12").Value = min

' Or use Excel formulas directly
workSheet("A12").Formula = "=SUM(A2:A11)"
workSheet("B12").Formula = "=AVERAGE(B2:B11)"
workSheet("C12").Formula = "=MAX(C2:C11)"
workSheet("D12").Formula = "=MIN(D2:D11)"

' Complex formulas with multiple functions
workSheet("E12").Formula = "=IF(SUM(E2:E11)>50000,""Over Budget"",""On Track"")"
workSheet("F12").Formula = "=SUMIF(F2:F11,"">5000"")"

' Percentage calculations
workSheet("G12").Formula = "=G11/SUM(G2:G11)*100"
workSheet("G12").FormatString = "0.00%"

' Ensure all formulas calculate
workSheet.EvaluateAll()
$vbLabelText   $csharpLabel

Range類別提供了諸如Sum()Avg()Max()Min()之類的方法,用於快速計算。 對於更複雜的情況,可以使用Formula屬性直接設定 Excel 公式。


7. 如何設定工作表和列印屬性?

使用 IronXL 保護單一工作表、凍結行和列,以及設定列印格式選項。

7.1. 如何配置工作表屬性?

保護工作表並控制檢視選項:

// Protect worksheet with password to prevent unauthorized changes
workSheet.ProtectSheet("SecurePassword123");

// Freeze panes to keep headers visible while scrolling
workSheet.CreateFreezePane(0, 1); // Freeze first row
// workSheet.CreateFreezePane(1, 1); // Freeze first row and column

// Set worksheet visibility options
workSheet.ViewState = WorkSheetViewState.Visible; // or Hidden, VeryHidden

// Configure gridlines and headers
workSheet.ShowGridLines = true;
workSheet.ShowRowColHeaders = true;

// Set zoom level for better viewing
workSheet.Zoom = 85; // 85% zoom
// Protect worksheet with password to prevent unauthorized changes
workSheet.ProtectSheet("SecurePassword123");

// Freeze panes to keep headers visible while scrolling
workSheet.CreateFreezePane(0, 1); // Freeze first row
// workSheet.CreateFreezePane(1, 1); // Freeze first row and column

// Set worksheet visibility options
workSheet.ViewState = WorkSheetViewState.Visible; // or Hidden, VeryHidden

// Configure gridlines and headers
workSheet.ShowGridLines = true;
workSheet.ShowRowColHeaders = true;

// Set zoom level for better viewing
workSheet.Zoom = 85; // 85% zoom
' Protect worksheet with password to prevent unauthorized changes
workSheet.ProtectSheet("SecurePassword123")

' Freeze panes to keep headers visible while scrolling
workSheet.CreateFreezePane(0, 1) ' Freeze first row
' workSheet.CreateFreezePane(1, 1); // Freeze first row and column

' Set worksheet visibility options
workSheet.ViewState = WorkSheetViewState.Visible ' or Hidden, VeryHidden

' Configure gridlines and headers
workSheet.ShowGridLines = True
workSheet.ShowRowColHeaders = True

' Set zoom level for better viewing
workSheet.Zoom = 85 ' 85% zoom
$vbLabelText   $csharpLabel

工作表保護功能可防止意外修改,而凍結窗格功能可在捲動時保持重要行或列可見。

Excel 表格顯示了包含每月預算資料的凍結標題行

圖 7凍結的標題行在滾動時仍然可見

Excel 保護對話方塊要求輸入密碼才能修改受保護的工作表

圖 8密碼保護防止未經授權的編輯

7.2. 如何設定頁面和列印設定?

透過 IronXL 設定專業列印選項:

using IronXL.Printing;

// Define print area to exclude empty cells
workSheet.SetPrintArea("A1:L12");

// Configure page orientation for wide data
workSheet.PrintSetup.PrintOrientation = PrintOrientation.Landscape;

// Set paper size for standard printing
workSheet.PrintSetup.PaperSize = PaperSize.A4;

// Adjust margins for better layout (in inches)
workSheet.PrintSetup.LeftMargin = 0.5;
workSheet.PrintSetup.RightMargin = 0.5;
workSheet.PrintSetup.TopMargin = 0.75;
workSheet.PrintSetup.BottomMargin = 0.75;

// Configure header and footer
workSheet.PrintSetup.HeaderMargin = 0.3;
workSheet.PrintSetup.FooterMargin = 0.3;

// Scale to fit on one page
workSheet.PrintSetup.FitToPage = true;
workSheet.PrintSetup.FitToHeight = 1;
workSheet.PrintSetup.FitToWidth = 1;

// Add print headers/footers
workSheet.Header.Center = "Monthly Budget Report";
workSheet.Footer.Left = DateTime.Now.ToShortDateString();
workSheet.Footer.Right = "Page &P of &N"; // Page numbering
using IronXL.Printing;

// Define print area to exclude empty cells
workSheet.SetPrintArea("A1:L12");

// Configure page orientation for wide data
workSheet.PrintSetup.PrintOrientation = PrintOrientation.Landscape;

// Set paper size for standard printing
workSheet.PrintSetup.PaperSize = PaperSize.A4;

// Adjust margins for better layout (in inches)
workSheet.PrintSetup.LeftMargin = 0.5;
workSheet.PrintSetup.RightMargin = 0.5;
workSheet.PrintSetup.TopMargin = 0.75;
workSheet.PrintSetup.BottomMargin = 0.75;

// Configure header and footer
workSheet.PrintSetup.HeaderMargin = 0.3;
workSheet.PrintSetup.FooterMargin = 0.3;

// Scale to fit on one page
workSheet.PrintSetup.FitToPage = true;
workSheet.PrintSetup.FitToHeight = 1;
workSheet.PrintSetup.FitToWidth = 1;

// Add print headers/footers
workSheet.Header.Center = "Monthly Budget Report";
workSheet.Footer.Left = DateTime.Now.ToShortDateString();
workSheet.Footer.Right = "Page &P of &N"; // Page numbering
Imports IronXL.Printing

' Define print area to exclude empty cells
workSheet.SetPrintArea("A1:L12")

' Configure page orientation for wide data
workSheet.PrintSetup.PrintOrientation = PrintOrientation.Landscape

' Set paper size for standard printing
workSheet.PrintSetup.PaperSize = PaperSize.A4

' Adjust margins for better layout (in inches)
workSheet.PrintSetup.LeftMargin = 0.5
workSheet.PrintSetup.RightMargin = 0.5
workSheet.PrintSetup.TopMargin = 0.75
workSheet.PrintSetup.BottomMargin = 0.75

' Configure header and footer
workSheet.PrintSetup.HeaderMargin = 0.3
workSheet.PrintSetup.FooterMargin = 0.3

' Scale to fit on one page
workSheet.PrintSetup.FitToPage = True
workSheet.PrintSetup.FitToHeight = 1
workSheet.PrintSetup.FitToWidth = 1

' Add print headers/footers
workSheet.Header.Center = "Monthly Budget Report"
workSheet.Footer.Left = DateTime.Now.ToShortDateString()
workSheet.Footer.Right = "Page &P of &N" ' Page numbering
$vbLabelText   $csharpLabel

PrintSetup類別提供與 Excel 列印設定相符的全面列印配置選項。

Excel 列印預覽顯示橫向列印方向和 A4 紙張尺寸設定

圖 9橫向列印預覽及自訂邊距


8. 如何儲存我的 Excel 工作簿?

將工作簿儲存為多種格式:

// Save as XLSX (recommended for modern Excel)
workBook.SaveAs("Budget.xlsx");

// Save as XLS for legacy compatibility
workBook.SaveAs("Budget.xls");

// Save as CSV for data exchange
workBook.SaveAsCsv("Budget.csv");

// Save as JSON for web applications
workBook.SaveAsJson("Budget.json");

// Save to stream for web downloads or cloud storage
using (var stream = new MemoryStream())
{
    workBook.SaveAs(stream);
    byte[] excelData = stream.ToArray();
    // Send to client or save to cloud
}

// Save with specific encoding for international characters
workBook.SaveAsCsv("Budget_UTF8.csv", System.Text.Encoding.UTF8);
// Save as XLSX (recommended for modern Excel)
workBook.SaveAs("Budget.xlsx");

// Save as XLS for legacy compatibility
workBook.SaveAs("Budget.xls");

// Save as CSV for data exchange
workBook.SaveAsCsv("Budget.csv");

// Save as JSON for web applications
workBook.SaveAsJson("Budget.json");

// Save to stream for web downloads or cloud storage
using (var stream = new MemoryStream())
{
    workBook.SaveAs(stream);
    byte[] excelData = stream.ToArray();
    // Send to client or save to cloud
}

// Save with specific encoding for international characters
workBook.SaveAsCsv("Budget_UTF8.csv", System.Text.Encoding.UTF8);
' Save as XLSX (recommended for modern Excel)
workBook.SaveAs("Budget.xlsx")

' Save as XLS for legacy compatibility
workBook.SaveAs("Budget.xls")

' Save as CSV for data exchange
workBook.SaveAsCsv("Budget.csv")

' Save as JSON for web applications
workBook.SaveAsJson("Budget.json")

' Save to stream for web downloads or cloud storage
Using stream = New MemoryStream()
	workBook.SaveAs(stream)
	Dim excelData() As Byte = stream.ToArray()
	' Send to client or save to cloud
End Using

' Save with specific encoding for international characters
workBook.SaveAsCsv("Budget_UTF8.csv", System.Text.Encoding.UTF8)
$vbLabelText   $csharpLabel

IronXL 支援多種匯出格式,包括 XLSX、XLS、CSV、TSV 和 JSON。 SaveAs方法會自動根據檔案副檔名決定檔案格式。

摘要

本教學課程示範如何使用 IronXL 在 C# 中建立不依賴 Microsoft Office 的 Excel 檔案。 您學習了Excel的基本操作,包括建立工作簿、儲存格操作、格式設定、公式使用以及各種儲存選項。 IronXL 直覺的 API 讓 .NET 開發人員能夠輕鬆實現 Excel 自動化。

如需了解更多進階功能,請探索合併儲存格建立圖表。 準備好在生產中使用 IronXL 了嗎? 開始免費試用查看授權選項


教程快速存取

Visual Studio 標誌

下載本教學的 C# 原始碼

用於建立 Excel 檔案的完整 C# 原始程式碼以 Visual Studio 專案檔案的形式提供。

下載

在GitHub上探索本教程

此專案的原始碼可在 GitHub 上找到,提供 C# 和 VB.NET 兩種版本。

使用此程式碼,您可以在幾分鐘內輕鬆建立 Excel 檔案。此專案儲存為 Microsoft Visual Studio 項目,但與任何 .NET IDE 相容。

在 GitHub 上使用 C# 建立 Excel 文件
GitHub 標誌
API 文件圖示

請閱讀 IronXL API 參考文檔

探索 IronXL 的 API 參考,其中詳細介紹了所有功能、命名空間、類別、方法和屬性,以便在 .NET 中進行全面的 Excel 操作。

檢視 API 參考資料

常見問題解答

如何在不使用 Interop 的情況下在 C# 中創建 Excel 檔案?

您可以使用 IronXL 創建不需要 Interop 的 Excel 檔案,這提供了一個簡單的 API:WorkBook workBook = WorkBook.Create(ExcelFileFormat.XLSX)。此方法適用於任何 .NET 平台,無需安裝 Microsoft Office。

在 C# 平台上支持 Excel 檔案創建的平台有哪些?

IronXL 支援在 .NET 10、.NET 9、.NET 8、.NET Core、.NET Framework 4.6.2+ 上創建 Excel 檔案,運行於 Windows、macOS、Linux、Docker、Azure 和 AWS 環境。

我如何安裝一個 C# 庫來生成 Excel?

在 Visual Studio 中通過 NuGet 包管理器安裝 IronXL,使用命令 PM> Install-Package IronXL.Excel,或直接從 nuget.org 下載。

我如何以程式化方式創建一個新的 Excel 工作簿?

使用 IronXL 創建一個工作簿:WorkBook workbook = WorkBook.Create(ExcelFileFormat.XLSX),然後使用 workbook.CreateWorkSheet("SheetName") 添加工作表。

我如何在 Excel 工作表中設置單元格值,使用 C#?

使用 IronXL 設置單元格值,語法簡單:worksheet["A1"].Value = "Hello World" 或設置範圍:worksheet["A1:A10"].Value = 100

我可以以編程方式為 Excel 單元格應用格式嗎?

是的,IronXL 支持全面的格式設置,包括背景顏色(cell.Style.SetBackgroundColor("#FF0000"))、邊框、字體和數字格式。

我如何在 C# 中使用 Excel 公式?

使用 IronXL 的公式屬性應用公式:worksheet["A1"].Formula = "=SUM(B1:B10)",或使用內置方法如 range.Sum()range.Avg()

我如何用密碼保護 Excel 工作表?

使用 IronXL 保護工作表,代碼為 worksheet.ProtectSheet("YourPassword"),以防止未授權的修改。

我如何配置 Excel 檔案的打印設置?

使用 IronXL 的打印設置:worksheet.PrintSetup.PrintOrientation = PrintOrientation.Landscapeworksheet.SetPrintArea("A1:Z100")

我如何以不同格式保存 Excel 工作簿?

使用 IronXL 的 SaveAs 方法保存工作簿:workbook.SaveAs("file.xlsx") 為 XLSX,或使用 SaveAsCsv()SaveAsJson() 作為其他格式。

我如何從資料庫填充 Excel 表格中的數據?

使用 IronXL 通過從資料庫提取數據並使用方法如 worksheet["A1"].Value = dataFromDatabase 將其設置在單元格中以填充工作表。

我如何使用 C# 在 Excel 表格中實現凍結窗格?

使用 IronXL 在工作表中凍結窗格,代碼為 worksheet.FreezePanes(1, 1) 以便鎖定頂部行和左側列,便於導航。

Jacob Mellor, Team Iron 首席技术官
首席技术官

Jacob Mellor 是 Iron Software 的首席技術官,作為 C# PDF 技術的先鋒工程師。作為 Iron Software 核心代碼的原作者,他自開始以來塑造了公司產品架構,與 CEO Cameron Rimington 一起將其轉變為一家擁有超過 50 名員工的公司,為 NASA、特斯拉 和 全世界政府機構服務。

Jacob 持有曼徹斯特大學土木工程一級榮譽学士工程學位(BEng) (1998-2001)。他於 1999 年在倫敦開設了他的第一家軟件公司,並於 2005 年製作了他的首個 .NET 組件,專注於解決 Microsoft 生態系統內的複雜問題。

他的旗艦產品 IronPDF & Iron Suite .NET 庫在全球 NuGet 被安裝超過 3000 萬次,其基礎代碼繼續為世界各地的開發工具提供動力。擁有 25 年的商業經驗和 41 年的編碼專業知識,Jacob 仍專注於推動企業級 C#、Java 及 Python PDF 技術的創新,同時指導新一代技術領袖。

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