如何在 VB.NET 中開啟 Excel 文件

如何在我的VB.NET專案中安裝IronXL？

使用 IronXL 入門只需幾秒鐘。 開啟 Visual Studio 2022，導覽至您的 VB.NET 項目，然後使用套件管理器控制台：

Install-Package IronXL.Excel

或者，右鍵單擊您的項目，選擇"管理 NuGet 套件"，搜尋"IronXL"，然後按一下"安裝"。

如何在 VB.NET 中開啟 Excel 檔案：圖 1 - IronXL NuGet 安裝

安裝完成後，將以下導入語句加入您的 VB.NET 檔案：

Imports IronXL

Imports IronXL

就是這樣。 沒有複雜的 COM 引用，沒有 Office 依賴項，沒有特定版本的組件。 您的 VB.NET Excel 檔案讀取器已準備就緒，可在任何電腦上執行。有關詳細的設定說明，請查看我們的 VB.NET Excel 檔案教學。

簡單程式碼範例：使用 IronXL 讀取 Excel 文檔

以下是一個完整的 VB.NET 範例，示範如何開啟 Excel 工作簿並讀取資料：

Imports IronXL
Module Program
    Sub Main()
        ' Load any Excel file - XLSX, XLS, CSV, or TSV
        Dim workbook As WorkBook = WorkBook.Load("example.xlsx")
        ' Access the worksheet with our sales data (the second sheet)
        Dim worksheet As WorkSheet = workbook.WorkSheets(1)
        ' Read a specific cell value
        Dim revenue As Decimal = worksheet("E2").DecimalValue
        Console.WriteLine($"Order Total: {revenue}")
        ' Read a range of cells
        For Each cell In worksheet("C2:C6")
            Console.WriteLine($"Product: {cell.Text}")
        Next
    End Sub
End Module

Imports IronXL
Module Program
    Sub Main()
        ' Load any Excel file - XLSX, XLS, CSV, or TSV
        Dim workbook As WorkBook = WorkBook.Load("example.xlsx")
        ' Access the worksheet with our sales data (the second sheet)
        Dim worksheet As WorkSheet = workbook.WorkSheets(1)
        ' Read a specific cell value
        Dim revenue As Decimal = worksheet("E2").DecimalValue
        Console.WriteLine($"Order Total: {revenue}")
        ' Read a range of cells
        For Each cell In worksheet("C2:C6")
            Console.WriteLine($"Product: {cell.Text}")
        Next
    End Sub
End Module

WorkBook.Load() 方法會自動偵測檔案格式； 無需指定是 XLS 格式還是 XLSX 格式。 使用 workbook.GetWorkSheet("Sheet1") 透過索引或檔案名稱存取 Excel 工作表。 每個單元格透過諸如 IntValue、DecimalValue、DateTimeValue 或通用 Text 屬性等屬性傳回類型化的值。 對於更複雜的情況，請查閱我們的Excel 公式文件。

如您所見，IronXL 已成功開啟檔案並讀取了我們要求讀取的訂單總額。 它還能夠讀取和提取所有訂單中每件售出產品的資訊。

如何在 VB.NET 中開啟 Excel 檔案：圖 2 - 讀取 Excel 檔案的範例輸出

如何讀取不同類型的Excel資料？

IronXL 在讀取 Excel VB.NET 檔案時能夠智慧地處理所有 Excel 資料類型。 以下是如何處理各種資料場景的方法：

' Open workbook from any location using the filename and path
Dim wb As WorkBook = WorkBook.Load("C:\Data\Inventory.xlsx")
Dim ws As WorkSheet = wb.GetWorkSheet("Products")
' Read different data types safely
Dim productName As String = ws("A2").StringValue
Dim quantity As Integer = ws("B2").IntValue  
Dim price As Decimal = ws("C2").DecimalValue
Dim lastUpdated As DateTime = ws("D2").DateTimeValue
' Process entire columns efficiently
Dim totalStock As Decimal = ws("B2:B100").Sum()
Dim maxPrice As Decimal = ws("C2:C100").Max()
' Iterate through all used cells starting at row index 1 to skip header (zero-based index)
 For i As Integer = 1 To ws.Rows.Count - 1
    Dim row = ws.Rows(i)
    ' Stop at first completely empty row
    If row.Columns(0).Value Is Nothing AndAlso row.Columns(1).Value Is Nothing AndAlso
       row.Columns(2).Value Is Nothing AndAlso row.Columns(3).Value Is Nothing Then Exit For
    ' Read values safely
    Dim sku As String = If(row.Columns(0).Value IsNot Nothing, row.Columns(0).StringValue, "")
    Dim stock As Integer = If(row.Columns(1).Value IsNot Nothing, row.Columns(1).IntValue, 0)
    Dim priceVal As Decimal = If(row.Columns(2).Value IsNot Nothing, row.Columns(2).DecimalValue, 0D)
    Dim rwLastUpdated As DateTime? = If(row.Columns(3).Value IsNot Nothing, row.Columns(3).DateTimeValue, Nothing)
    ' Format date
    Dim lastUpdatedStr As String = If(rwLastUpdated.HasValue, rwLastUpdated.Value.ToString("dd/MM/yyyy"), "")
    ' Print only rows with data
    If sku <> "" OrElse stock <> 0 OrElse priceVal <> 0D OrElse lastUpdatedStr <> "" Then
        Console.WriteLine($"SKU: {sku}, Stock: {stock}, Price: {priceVal:C}, Last Updated: {lastUpdatedStr}")
    End If
Next

' Open workbook from any location using the filename and path
Dim wb As WorkBook = WorkBook.Load("C:\Data\Inventory.xlsx")
Dim ws As WorkSheet = wb.GetWorkSheet("Products")
' Read different data types safely
Dim productName As String = ws("A2").StringValue
Dim quantity As Integer = ws("B2").IntValue  
Dim price As Decimal = ws("C2").DecimalValue
Dim lastUpdated As DateTime = ws("D2").DateTimeValue
' Process entire columns efficiently
Dim totalStock As Decimal = ws("B2:B100").Sum()
Dim maxPrice As Decimal = ws("C2:C100").Max()
' Iterate through all used cells starting at row index 1 to skip header (zero-based index)
 For i As Integer = 1 To ws.Rows.Count - 1
    Dim row = ws.Rows(i)
    ' Stop at first completely empty row
    If row.Columns(0).Value Is Nothing AndAlso row.Columns(1).Value Is Nothing AndAlso
       row.Columns(2).Value Is Nothing AndAlso row.Columns(3).Value Is Nothing Then Exit For
    ' Read values safely
    Dim sku As String = If(row.Columns(0).Value IsNot Nothing, row.Columns(0).StringValue, "")
    Dim stock As Integer = If(row.Columns(1).Value IsNot Nothing, row.Columns(1).IntValue, 0)
    Dim priceVal As Decimal = If(row.Columns(2).Value IsNot Nothing, row.Columns(2).DecimalValue, 0D)
    Dim rwLastUpdated As DateTime? = If(row.Columns(3).Value IsNot Nothing, row.Columns(3).DateTimeValue, Nothing)
    ' Format date
    Dim lastUpdatedStr As String = If(rwLastUpdated.HasValue, rwLastUpdated.Value.ToString("dd/MM/yyyy"), "")
    ' Print only rows with data
    If sku <> "" OrElse stock <> 0 OrElse priceVal <> 0D OrElse lastUpdatedStr <> "" Then
        Console.WriteLine($"SKU: {sku}, Stock: {stock}, Price: {priceVal:C}, Last Updated: {lastUpdatedStr}")
    End If
Next

IronXL 可自動處理空白儲存格、合併儲存格和公式。 VB.NET Excel 函式庫會在讀取公式時重新計算公式，確保您隨時獲得最新值。 對於大型資料集，為了獲得最佳效能，請使用 Sum()、Average()、Min() 和 Max() 等聚合函數。 需要匯出數據嗎？ 學習如何將Excel檔案轉換為CSV檔案。

如何在 VB.NET 中開啟 Excel 檔案：圖 3 - 讀取並顯示所用儲存格中的數據

能舉個生產應用方面的實際例子嗎？

讓我們建立一個真正的庫存檢查器，使用 VB.NET 開啟 Excel 檔案並處理多個 Excel 工作表：

Imports IronXL
Imports System.IO
Public Class ExcelInventoryReader
    Public Function CheckLowStock(filePath As String) As List(Of String)
        Dim lowStockItems As New List(Of String)
        Try
            Dim workbook As WorkBook = WorkBook.Load(filePath)
            ' Process all worksheets in the workbook
            For Each sheet As WorkSheet In workbook.WorkSheets
                Console.WriteLine($"Checking {sheet.Name}...")
                ' Find items with stock below 10 units
                For rowIndex As Integer = 2 To sheet.RowCount
                    Dim itemName As String = sheet($"A{rowIndex}").StringValue
                    Dim stockLevel As Integer = sheet($"B{rowIndex}").IntValue
                    If stockLevel < 10 AndAlso Not String.IsNullOrEmpty(itemName) Then
                        lowStockItems.Add($"{itemName} - {stockLevel} units ({sheet.Name})")
                    End If
                Next
            Next
        Catch ex As Exception
            Console.WriteLine($"Error reading Excel file: {ex.Message}")
        End Try
        Return lowStockItems
    End Function
End Class

Imports IronXL
Imports System.IO
Public Class ExcelInventoryReader
    Public Function CheckLowStock(filePath As String) As List(Of String)
        Dim lowStockItems As New List(Of String)
        Try
            Dim workbook As WorkBook = WorkBook.Load(filePath)
            ' Process all worksheets in the workbook
            For Each sheet As WorkSheet In workbook.WorkSheets
                Console.WriteLine($"Checking {sheet.Name}...")
                ' Find items with stock below 10 units
                For rowIndex As Integer = 2 To sheet.RowCount
                    Dim itemName As String = sheet($"A{rowIndex}").StringValue
                    Dim stockLevel As Integer = sheet($"B{rowIndex}").IntValue
                    If stockLevel < 10 AndAlso Not String.IsNullOrEmpty(itemName) Then
                        lowStockItems.Add($"{itemName} - {stockLevel} units ({sheet.Name})")
                    End If
                Next
            Next
        Catch ex As Exception
            Console.WriteLine($"Error reading Excel file: {ex.Message}")
        End Try
        Return lowStockItems
    End Function
End Class

這段可用於生產的 VB.NET 程式碼示範了錯誤處理、多工作表處理和實際業務邏輯。 IronXL 可以有效率地在記憶體中處理最大 10MB 的檔案。 對於較大的文件，可以考慮使用特定的範圍來選擇分塊處理。 常見問題，例如檔案權限問題，在我們的故障排除指南中均有介紹。 有關 VB.NET Excel 自動化的討論，可造訪Microsoft Q&A 論壇尋求社群支援。

結論

使用IronXL ，在 VB.NET 中讀取和處理 Excel 檔案從未如此簡單——而且您無需安裝 Microsoft Office。 從安全地讀取多種資料類型、遍歷大型工作表、處理公式和空白儲存格，到處理多工作表工作簿，IronXL 簡化了 Excel 自動化的各個方面。

這個現代化的 .NET 程式庫消除了互通的複雜性，避免了版本衝突，並且可以在 Windows、Linux 和雲端環境中無縫運行。 無論您是建立小型庫存檢查器還是處理企業級 Excel 數據，IronXL 都能提供可靠的效能、簡潔的程式碼和強大的錯誤處理。

準備好簡化您的 VB.NET Excel 工作流程了嗎？ 立即開始您的 IronXL 免費試用，體驗更快、更簡潔、完全獨立於 Office 的 Excel 檔案處理方式。 瀏覽我們的文件和教程，以充分發揮 IronXL 在您的應用程式中的強大功能。

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