IronXL 数据加载方法性能

Curtis Chau

已更新:2026年6月28日

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当您在IronXL中填充大型工作表时，您选择的加载方法对文件生成所需时间有重大影响。下面的基准比较了三种方法针对相同数据集：20,000行乘以55列，每个都写入磁盘为.xlsx文件。

测试概述

每次测试填充相同的数据，并将结果写入磁盘，记录持续时间（秒）和结果文件大小。

逐个单元格添加数据： ~24秒，3094 KB
从DataTable加载： ~13秒，3094 KB
从CSV加载： ~9秒，3094 KB

文件大小在所有三个中是相同的。只有构建文件的时间发生变化。

方法

选项1：逐个单元格添加数据

这是三者中最慢的。通过嵌套循环单独分配每个单元格。

string[] fruits = { "Apples", "Apricot", "Banana", "Blackberry", "Blueberry", "Boysenberry", "Canary Melon", "Cantaloupe",
                        "Currants", "Dates (tree dried only) Dragon Fruit", "Durian (purchase cut) Figs", "Gooseberry", "Grapes", "Grapefruit",
                        "Lemon", "Lime", "Loganberry", "Longan", "Loquat", "Lychee", "Mandarin", "Mango",
                        "Blood Orange", "Papaya", "Passion Fruit", "Peach", "Pear", "Persimmon", "Pineapple", "Plum", "Honeydew",
                        "Rambutan", "Starfruit", "Tamarind", "Yuzu", "Açaí", "Abiu", "Ackee", "Breadfruit", "Cempedak",
                        "Cherimoya", "Buddha's Hand", "Citron", "Finger Lime", "Kumquat", "Pomelo", "Tangelo", "Ugli Fruit",
                        "Galia Melon", "Kiwano (Horned Melon)", "Mouse Melon", "Muskmelon",
                        "cherry", "nectarine", "Butternut squash"};
var workbook = WorkBook.Create(ExcelFileFormat.XLSX);
var worksheet = workbook.CreateWorkSheet("Fruits");
var columnsTitles = GetExcelCellLetters(fruits.Length);
for (int col = 0; col < columnsTitles.Count; col++)
{
    string columnLetter = columnsTitles[col]; // To avoid interpolation that can cause performance issues in large loops because it build string objects in every loop
    for (int row = 1; row <= 20000; row++)
    {
        worksheet[columnLetter + row].Value = fruits[col];
        //worksheet.Rows[row].Columns[columnLetter].Value.ToString();
    }
}
workbook.SaveAs("C:\\Temp\\ManualCell-by-CellAssignment.xlsx");
private static List<string> GetExcelCellLetters(int iMaxNum)
{
    string[] alphabet = { string.Empty, "A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "H", "I", "J", "K", "L", "M", "N", "O", "P", "Q", "R", "S", "T", "U", "V", "W", "X", "Y", "Z" };
    IEnumerable<string> lst = (from c1 in alphabet
                               from c2 in alphabet
                               from c3 in alphabet.Skip(1)
                               where c1 == string.Empty || c2 != string.Empty
                               select c1 + c2 + c3).Take(iMaxNum);
    return lst.ToList();
}

string[] fruits = { "Apples", "Apricot", "Banana", "Blackberry", "Blueberry", "Boysenberry", "Canary Melon", "Cantaloupe",
                        "Currants", "Dates (tree dried only) Dragon Fruit", "Durian (purchase cut) Figs", "Gooseberry", "Grapes", "Grapefruit",
                        "Lemon", "Lime", "Loganberry", "Longan", "Loquat", "Lychee", "Mandarin", "Mango",
                        "Blood Orange", "Papaya", "Passion Fruit", "Peach", "Pear", "Persimmon", "Pineapple", "Plum", "Honeydew",
                        "Rambutan", "Starfruit", "Tamarind", "Yuzu", "Açaí", "Abiu", "Ackee", "Breadfruit", "Cempedak",
                        "Cherimoya", "Buddha's Hand", "Citron", "Finger Lime", "Kumquat", "Pomelo", "Tangelo", "Ugli Fruit",
                        "Galia Melon", "Kiwano (Horned Melon)", "Mouse Melon", "Muskmelon",
                        "cherry", "nectarine", "Butternut squash"};
var workbook = WorkBook.Create(ExcelFileFormat.XLSX);
var worksheet = workbook.CreateWorkSheet("Fruits");
var columnsTitles = GetExcelCellLetters(fruits.Length);
for (int col = 0; col < columnsTitles.Count; col++)
{
    string columnLetter = columnsTitles[col]; // To avoid interpolation that can cause performance issues in large loops because it build string objects in every loop
    for (int row = 1; row <= 20000; row++)
    {
        worksheet[columnLetter + row].Value = fruits[col];
        //worksheet.Rows[row].Columns[columnLetter].Value.ToString();
    }
}
workbook.SaveAs("C:\\Temp\\ManualCell-by-CellAssignment.xlsx");
private static List<string> GetExcelCellLetters(int iMaxNum)
{
    string[] alphabet = { string.Empty, "A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "H", "I", "J", "K", "L", "M", "N", "O", "P", "Q", "R", "S", "T", "U", "V", "W", "X", "Y", "Z" };
    IEnumerable<string> lst = (from c1 in alphabet
                               from c2 in alphabet
                               from c3 in alphabet.Skip(1)
                               where c1 == string.Empty || c2 != string.Empty
                               select c1 + c2 + c3).Take(iMaxNum);
    return lst.ToList();
}

Imports System
Imports System.Collections.Generic
Imports System.Linq

Module Module1
    Sub Main()
        Dim fruits As String() = {"Apples", "Apricot", "Banana", "Blackberry", "Blueberry", "Boysenberry", "Canary Melon", "Cantaloupe",
                                  "Currants", "Dates (tree dried only) Dragon Fruit", "Durian (purchase cut) Figs", "Gooseberry", "Grapes", "Grapefruit",
                                  "Lemon", "Lime", "Loganberry", "Longan", "Loquat", "Lychee", "Mandarin", "Mango",
                                  "Blood Orange", "Papaya", "Passion Fruit", "Peach", "Pear", "Persimmon", "Pineapple", "Plum", "Honeydew",
                                  "Rambutan", "Starfruit", "Tamarind", "Yuzu", "Açaí", "Abiu", "Ackee", "Breadfruit", "Cempedak",
                                  "Cherimoya", "Buddha's Hand", "Citron", "Finger Lime", "Kumquat", "Pomelo", "Tangelo", "Ugli Fruit",
                                  "Galia Melon", "Kiwano (Horned Melon)", "Mouse Melon", "Muskmelon",
                                  "cherry", "nectarine", "Butternut squash"}
        Dim workbook = WorkBook.Create(ExcelFileFormat.XLSX)
        Dim worksheet = workbook.CreateWorkSheet("Fruits")
        Dim columnsTitles = GetExcelCellLetters(fruits.Length)
        For col As Integer = 0 To columnsTitles.Count - 1
            Dim columnLetter As String = columnsTitles(col)
            For row As Integer = 1 To 20000
                worksheet(columnLetter & row).Value = fruits(col)
            Next
        Next
        workbook.SaveAs("C:\Temp\ManualCell-by-CellAssignment.xlsx")
    End Sub

    Private Function GetExcelCellLetters(iMaxNum As Integer) As List(Of String)
        Dim alphabet As String() = {String.Empty, "A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "H", "I", "J", "K", "L", "M", "N", "O", "P", "Q", "R", "S", "T", "U", "V", "W", "X", "Y", "Z"}
        Dim lst = (From c1 In alphabet
                   From c2 In alphabet
                   From c3 In alphabet.Skip(1)
                   Where c1 = String.Empty OrElse c2 <> String.Empty
                   Select c1 & c2 & c3).Take(iMaxNum)
        Return lst.ToList()
    End Function
End Module

$vbLabelText $csharpLabel

注意缓存的columnLetter：每列一次构建列引用而不是在内部循环中插值它，避免在每次迭代中分配新字符串。为需要真正的单元格逻辑或样式的情况保留此方法。

选项2：从DataTable加载

一个坚实的中间立场，显著快于手动单元格插入。在内存中构建LoadWorkSheet。

string[] fruits = { "Apples", "Apricot", "Banana", "Blackberry", "Blueberry", "Boysenberry", "Canary Melon", "Cantaloupe",
                        "Currants", "Dates (tree dried only) Dragon Fruit", "Durian (purchase cut) Figs", "Gooseberry", "Grapes", "Grapefruit",
                        "Lemon", "Lime", "Loganberry", "Longan", "Loquat", "Lychee", "Mandarin", "Mango",
                        "Blood Orange", "Papaya", "Passion Fruit", "Peach", "Pear", "Persimmon", "Pineapple", "Plum", "Honeydew",
                        "Rambutan", "Starfruit", "Tamarind", "Yuzu", "Açaí", "Abiu", "Ackee", "Breadfruit", "Cempedak",
                        "Cherimoya", "Buddha's Hand", "Citron", "Finger Lime", "Kumquat", "Pomelo", "Tangelo", "Ugli Fruit",
                        "Galia Melon", "Kiwano (Horned Melon)", "Mouse Melon", "Muskmelon",
                        "cherry", "nectarine", "Butternut squash"};
var workbook = WorkBook.Create(ExcelFileFormat.XLSX);
DataTable table = new DataTable("Fruits");
foreach (string fruitName in fruits)
{
    table.Columns.Add(fruitName);
}
int rowCount = 20000;
for (int i = 0; i < rowCount; i++)
{
    table.Rows.Add(fruits);
}
workbook.LoadWorkSheet(table);
workbook.SaveAs("C:\\Temp\\LoadDataTableDirectly.xlsx");

string[] fruits = { "Apples", "Apricot", "Banana", "Blackberry", "Blueberry", "Boysenberry", "Canary Melon", "Cantaloupe",
                        "Currants", "Dates (tree dried only) Dragon Fruit", "Durian (purchase cut) Figs", "Gooseberry", "Grapes", "Grapefruit",
                        "Lemon", "Lime", "Loganberry", "Longan", "Loquat", "Lychee", "Mandarin", "Mango",
                        "Blood Orange", "Papaya", "Passion Fruit", "Peach", "Pear", "Persimmon", "Pineapple", "Plum", "Honeydew",
                        "Rambutan", "Starfruit", "Tamarind", "Yuzu", "Açaí", "Abiu", "Ackee", "Breadfruit", "Cempedak",
                        "Cherimoya", "Buddha's Hand", "Citron", "Finger Lime", "Kumquat", "Pomelo", "Tangelo", "Ugli Fruit",
                        "Galia Melon", "Kiwano (Horned Melon)", "Mouse Melon", "Muskmelon",
                        "cherry", "nectarine", "Butternut squash"};
var workbook = WorkBook.Create(ExcelFileFormat.XLSX);
DataTable table = new DataTable("Fruits");
foreach (string fruitName in fruits)
{
    table.Columns.Add(fruitName);
}
int rowCount = 20000;
for (int i = 0; i < rowCount; i++)
{
    table.Rows.Add(fruits);
}
workbook.LoadWorkSheet(table);
workbook.SaveAs("C:\\Temp\\LoadDataTableDirectly.xlsx");

Imports System.Data

Dim fruits As String() = {"Apples", "Apricot", "Banana", "Blackberry", "Blueberry", "Boysenberry", "Canary Melon", "Cantaloupe",
                          "Currants", "Dates (tree dried only) Dragon Fruit", "Durian (purchase cut) Figs", "Gooseberry", "Grapes", "Grapefruit",
                          "Lemon", "Lime", "Loganberry", "Longan", "Loquat", "Lychee", "Mandarin", "Mango",
                          "Blood Orange", "Papaya", "Passion Fruit", "Peach", "Pear", "Persimmon", "Pineapple", "Plum", "Honeydew",
                          "Rambutan", "Starfruit", "Tamarind", "Yuzu", "Açaí", "Abiu", "Ackee", "Breadfruit", "Cempedak",
                          "Cherimoya", "Buddha's Hand", "Citron", "Finger Lime", "Kumquat", "Pomelo", "Tangelo", "Ugli Fruit",
                          "Galia Melon", "Kiwano (Horned Melon)", "Mouse Melon", "Muskmelon",
                          "cherry", "nectarine", "Butternut squash"}

Dim workbook = WorkBook.Create(ExcelFileFormat.XLSX)
Dim table As New DataTable("Fruits")

For Each fruitName As String In fruits
    table.Columns.Add(fruitName)
Next

Dim rowCount As Integer = 20000
For i As Integer = 0 To rowCount - 1
    table.Rows.Add(fruits)
Next

workbook.LoadWorkSheet(table)
workbook.SaveAs("C:\Temp\LoadDataTableDirectly.xlsx")

$vbLabelText $csharpLabel

LoadWorkSheet在一次调用中摄取整个表，这就是为什么它能胜过手动写入每个单元格。当您的数据已经在结构化内存中时，选择此方法。

选项3：从CSV加载

总体最快，自然选择用于平面分隔数据。将行写入CSV文件，然后用LoadCSV读取回来。

string[] fruits = { "Apples", "Apricot", "Banana", "Blackberry", "Blueberry", "Boysenberry", "Canary Melon", "Cantaloupe",
                        "Currants", "Dates (tree dried only) Dragon Fruit", "Durian (purchase cut) Figs", "Gooseberry", "Grapes", "Grapefruit",
                        "Lemon", "Lime", "Loganberry", "Longan", "Loquat", "Lychee", "Mandarin", "Mango",
                        "Blood Orange", "Papaya", "Passion Fruit", "Peach", "Pear", "Persimmon", "Pineapple", "Plum", "Honeydew",
                        "Rambutan", "Starfruit", "Tamarind", "Yuzu", "Açaí", "Abiu", "Ackee", "Breadfruit", "Cempedak",
                        "Cherimoya", "Buddha's Hand", "Citron", "Finger Lime", "Kumquat", "Pomelo", "Tangelo", "Ugli Fruit",
                        "Galia Melon", "Kiwano (Horned Melon)", "Mouse Melon", "Muskmelon",
                        "cherry", "nectarine", "Butternut squash"};

            var sb = new StringBuilder();
            // Step 1: Add header row
            sb.AppendLine(string.Join(",", fruits));
            // Step 2: Add 20,000 identical rows
            string rowData = string.Join(",", fruits); // same as headers
            for (int i = 1; i < 20000; i++)
            {
                sb.AppendLine(rowData);
            }
            File.WriteAllText("C:\\Temp\\csvfile.csv", sb.ToString(), Encoding.UTF8);
            var workbook = WorkBook.LoadCSV("C:\\Temp\\csvfile.csv");
            workbook.SaveAs("C:\\Temp\\LoadFromCSV.xlsx");

string[] fruits = { "Apples", "Apricot", "Banana", "Blackberry", "Blueberry", "Boysenberry", "Canary Melon", "Cantaloupe",
                        "Currants", "Dates (tree dried only) Dragon Fruit", "Durian (purchase cut) Figs", "Gooseberry", "Grapes", "Grapefruit",
                        "Lemon", "Lime", "Loganberry", "Longan", "Loquat", "Lychee", "Mandarin", "Mango",
                        "Blood Orange", "Papaya", "Passion Fruit", "Peach", "Pear", "Persimmon", "Pineapple", "Plum", "Honeydew",
                        "Rambutan", "Starfruit", "Tamarind", "Yuzu", "Açaí", "Abiu", "Ackee", "Breadfruit", "Cempedak",
                        "Cherimoya", "Buddha's Hand", "Citron", "Finger Lime", "Kumquat", "Pomelo", "Tangelo", "Ugli Fruit",
                        "Galia Melon", "Kiwano (Horned Melon)", "Mouse Melon", "Muskmelon",
                        "cherry", "nectarine", "Butternut squash"};

            var sb = new StringBuilder();
            // Step 1: Add header row
            sb.AppendLine(string.Join(",", fruits));
            // Step 2: Add 20,000 identical rows
            string rowData = string.Join(",", fruits); // same as headers
            for (int i = 1; i < 20000; i++)
            {
                sb.AppendLine(rowData);
            }
            File.WriteAllText("C:\\Temp\\csvfile.csv", sb.ToString(), Encoding.UTF8);
            var workbook = WorkBook.LoadCSV("C:\\Temp\\csvfile.csv");
            workbook.SaveAs("C:\\Temp\\LoadFromCSV.xlsx");

Imports System.IO
Imports System.Text

Dim fruits As String() = {"Apples", "Apricot", "Banana", "Blackberry", "Blueberry", "Boysenberry", "Canary Melon", "Cantaloupe",
                          "Currants", "Dates (tree dried only) Dragon Fruit", "Durian (purchase cut) Figs", "Gooseberry", "Grapes", "Grapefruit",
                          "Lemon", "Lime", "Loganberry", "Longan", "Loquat", "Lychee", "Mandarin", "Mango",
                          "Blood Orange", "Papaya", "Passion Fruit", "Peach", "Pear", "Persimmon", "Pineapple", "Plum", "Honeydew",
                          "Rambutan", "Starfruit", "Tamarind", "Yuzu", "Açaí", "Abiu", "Ackee", "Breadfruit", "Cempedak",
                          "Cherimoya", "Buddha's Hand", "Citron", "Finger Lime", "Kumquat", "Pomelo", "Tangelo", "Ugli Fruit",
                          "Galia Melon", "Kiwano (Horned Melon)", "Mouse Melon", "Muskmelon",
                          "cherry", "nectarine", "Butternut squash"}

Dim sb As New StringBuilder()
' Step 1: Add header row
sb.AppendLine(String.Join(",", fruits))
' Step 2: Add 20,000 identical rows
Dim rowData As String = String.Join(",", fruits) ' same as headers
For i As Integer = 1 To 19999
    sb.AppendLine(rowData)
Next
File.WriteAllText("C:\Temp\csvfile.csv", sb.ToString(), Encoding.UTF8)
Dim workbook = WorkBook.LoadCSV("C:\Temp\csvfile.csv")
workbook.SaveAs("C:\Temp\LoadFromCSV.xlsx")

$vbLabelText $csharpLabel

LoadCSV批量解析分隔文本，保持领先于其它两种方法。

结论

要从IronXL在大型数据集上获得最佳性能：

使用CSV： 最快的原始数据导入路径，当源已经是平面数据时。
使用DataTable： 当数据已经存在于结构化内存中时，此选项是理想选择。
避免逐个单元格写入： 仅在需要逐个单元格逻辑或样式时才值得。

所有三个文件生成相同的文件大小。加载方法是使文件生成时间剧烈变化的因素。

Curtis Chau

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技术作家

Curtis Chau 拥有卡尔顿大学的计算机科学学士学位，专注于前端开发，精通 Node.js、TypeScript、JavaScript 和 React。他热衷于打造直观且美观的用户界面，喜欢使用现代框架并创建结构良好、视觉吸引力强的手册。

除了开发之外，Curtis 对物联网 (IoT) 有浓厚的兴趣，探索将硬件和软件集成的新方法。在空闲时间，他喜欢玩游戏和构建 Discord 机器人，将他对技术的热爱与创造力相结合。

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本页内容

IronXL 数据加载方法性能

测试概述

方法

选项1：逐个单元格添加数据

选项2：从DataTable加载

选项3：从CSV加载

结论

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本页内容

IronXL 数据加载方法性能

测试概述

方法

选项1：逐个单元格添加数据

选项2：从DataTable加载

选项3：从CSV加载

结论

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