如何使用 C# 抓取博客
讓我們使用 Iron WebScraper,透過 C# 或 VB.NET 來提取部落格內容。
本教學示範如何使用 .NET 將 WordPress 部落格(或類似部落格)的內容抓取回來。
// Define a class that extends WebScraper from IronWebScraper
public class BlogScraper : WebScraper
{
/// <summary>
/// Override this method to initialize your web-scraper.
/// Set at least one start URL and configure domain or URL patterns.
/// </summary>
public override void Init()
{
// Set your license key for IronWebScraper
License.LicenseKey = "YourLicenseKey";
// Enable logging for all actions
this.LoggingLevel = WebScraper.LogLevel.All;
// Set a directory to store output and cache files
this.WorkingDirectory = AppSetting.GetAppRoot() + @"\BlogSample\Output\";
// Enable caching with a specific duration
EnableWebCache(new TimeSpan(1, 30, 30));
// Request the start URL and specify the response handler
this.Request("http://blogSite.com/", Parse);
}
}// Define a class that extends WebScraper from IronWebScraper
public class BlogScraper : WebScraper
{
/// <summary>
/// Override this method to initialize your web-scraper.
/// Set at least one start URL and configure domain or URL patterns.
/// </summary>
public override void Init()
{
// Set your license key for IronWebScraper
License.LicenseKey = "YourLicenseKey";
// Enable logging for all actions
this.LoggingLevel = WebScraper.LogLevel.All;
// Set a directory to store output and cache files
this.WorkingDirectory = AppSetting.GetAppRoot() + @"\BlogSample\Output\";
// Enable caching with a specific duration
EnableWebCache(new TimeSpan(1, 30, 30));
// Request the start URL and specify the response handler
this.Request("http://blogSite.com/", Parse);
}
}' Define a class that extends WebScraper from IronWebScraper
Public Class BlogScraper
Inherits WebScraper
''' <summary>
''' Override this method to initialize your web-scraper.
''' Set at least one start URL and configure domain or URL patterns.
''' </summary>
Public Overrides Sub Init()
' Set your license key for IronWebScraper
License.LicenseKey = "YourLicenseKey"
' Enable logging for all actions
Me.LoggingLevel = WebScraper.LogLevel.All
' Set a directory to store output and cache files
Me.WorkingDirectory = AppSetting.GetAppRoot() & "\BlogSample\Output\"
' Enable caching with a specific duration
EnableWebCache(New TimeSpan(1, 30, 30))
' Request the start URL and specify the response handler
Me.Request("http://blogSite.com/", Parse)
End Sub
End Class像往常一樣,我們建立一個 Scraper 並繼承自 WebScraper 類。 在本例中,它是"BlogScraper"。
我們將工作目錄設定為"\BlogSample\Output\",所有輸出檔案和快取檔案都可以放在這裡。
然後我們啟用 Web 緩存,將請求的頁面保存到快取資料夾"WebCache"中。
現在我們來寫一個解析函數:
/// <summary>
/// Override this method to handle the Http Response for your web scraper.
/// Add additional methods if you handle multiple page types.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="response">The HTTP Response object to parse.</param>
public override void Parse(Response response)
{
// Iterate over each link found in the section navigation
foreach (var link in response.Css("div.section-nav > ul > li > a"))
{
switch(link.TextContentClean)
{
case "Reviews":
{
// Handle reviews case
}
break;
case "Science":
{
// Handle science case
}
break;
default:
{
// Save the link title to a file
Scrape(new ScrapedData() { { "Title", link.TextContentClean } }, "BlogScraper.Jsonl");
}
break;
}
}
}/// <summary>
/// Override this method to handle the Http Response for your web scraper.
/// Add additional methods if you handle multiple page types.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="response">The HTTP Response object to parse.</param>
public override void Parse(Response response)
{
// Iterate over each link found in the section navigation
foreach (var link in response.Css("div.section-nav > ul > li > a"))
{
switch(link.TextContentClean)
{
case "Reviews":
{
// Handle reviews case
}
break;
case "Science":
{
// Handle science case
}
break;
default:
{
// Save the link title to a file
Scrape(new ScrapedData() { { "Title", link.TextContentClean } }, "BlogScraper.Jsonl");
}
break;
}
}
}''' <summary>
''' Override this method to handle the Http Response for your web scraper.
''' Add additional methods if you handle multiple page types.
''' </summary>
''' <param name="response">The HTTP Response object to parse.</param>
Public Overrides Sub Parse(ByVal response As Response)
' Iterate over each link found in the section navigation
For Each link In response.Css("div.section-nav > ul > li > a")
Select Case link.TextContentClean
Case "Reviews"
' Handle reviews case
Case "Science"
' Handle science case
Case Else
' Save the link title to a file
Scrape(New ScrapedData() From {
{ "Title", link.TextContentClean }
},
"BlogScraper.Jsonl")
End Select
Next link
End Sub在 Parse 方法中,我們從頂部功能表取得所有類別頁面 (電影、科學、評論等) 的連結。
然後,我們根據連結類別切換到合適的解析方法。
讓我們為科學頁面準備物件模型:
/// <summary>
/// Represents a model for Science Page
/// </summary>
public class ScienceModel
{
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets the title.
/// </summary>
public string Title { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets the author.
/// </summary>
public string Author { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets the date.
/// </summary>
public string Date { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets the image.
/// </summary>
public string Image { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets the text.
/// </summary>
public string Text { get; set; }
}/// <summary>
/// Represents a model for Science Page
/// </summary>
public class ScienceModel
{
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets the title.
/// </summary>
public string Title { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets the author.
/// </summary>
public string Author { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets the date.
/// </summary>
public string Date { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets the image.
/// </summary>
public string Image { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets the text.
/// </summary>
public string Text { get; set; }
}''' <summary>
''' Represents a model for Science Page
''' </summary>
Public Class ScienceModel
''' <summary>
''' Gets or sets the title.
''' </summary>
Public Property Title() As String
''' <summary>
''' Gets or sets the author.
''' </summary>
Public Property Author() As String
''' <summary>
''' Gets or sets the date.
''' </summary>
Public Property [Date]() As String
''' <summary>
''' Gets or sets the image.
''' </summary>
Public Property Image() As String
''' <summary>
''' Gets or sets the text.
''' </summary>
Public Property Text() As String
End Class現在我們來實現單頁抓取:
/// <summary>
/// Parses the reviews from the response.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="response">The HTTP Response object.</param>
public void ParseReviews(Response response)
{
// A list to hold Science models
var scienceList = new List<ScienceModel>();
foreach (var postBox in response.Css("section.main > div > div.post-list"))
{
var item = new ScienceModel
{
Title = postBox.Css("h1.headline > a")[0].TextContentClean,
Author = postBox.Css("div.author > a")[0].TextContentClean,
Date = postBox.Css("div.time > a")[0].TextContentClean,
Image = postBox.Css("div.image-wrapper.default-state > img")[0].Attributes["src"],
Text = postBox.Css("div.summary > p")[0].TextContentClean
};
scienceList.Add(item);
}
// Save the science list to a JSONL file
Scrape(scienceList, "BlogScience.Jsonl");
}/// <summary>
/// Parses the reviews from the response.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="response">The HTTP Response object.</param>
public void ParseReviews(Response response)
{
// A list to hold Science models
var scienceList = new List<ScienceModel>();
foreach (var postBox in response.Css("section.main > div > div.post-list"))
{
var item = new ScienceModel
{
Title = postBox.Css("h1.headline > a")[0].TextContentClean,
Author = postBox.Css("div.author > a")[0].TextContentClean,
Date = postBox.Css("div.time > a")[0].TextContentClean,
Image = postBox.Css("div.image-wrapper.default-state > img")[0].Attributes["src"],
Text = postBox.Css("div.summary > p")[0].TextContentClean
};
scienceList.Add(item);
}
// Save the science list to a JSONL file
Scrape(scienceList, "BlogScience.Jsonl");
}''' <summary>
''' Parses the reviews from the response.
''' </summary>
''' <param name="response">The HTTP Response object.</param>
Public Sub ParseReviews(ByVal response As Response)
' A list to hold Science models
Dim scienceList = New List(Of ScienceModel)()
For Each postBox In response.Css("section.main > div > div.post-list")
Dim item = New ScienceModel With {
.Title = postBox.Css("h1.headline > a")(0).TextContentClean,
.Author = postBox.Css("div.author > a")(0).TextContentClean,
.Date = postBox.Css("div.time > a")(0).TextContentClean,
.Image = postBox.Css("div.image-wrapper.default-state > img")(0).Attributes("src"),
.Text = postBox.Css("div.summary > p")(0).TextContentClean
}
scienceList.Add(item)
Next postBox
' Save the science list to a JSONL file
Scrape(scienceList, "BlogScience.Jsonl")
End Sub建立模型後,我們可以解析回應對象,深入分析其主要元素(標題、作者、日期、圖像、文字)。
然後,我們使用Scrape(object, fileName)將結果儲存到單獨的檔案中。
點擊此處查看 IronWebscraper 的完整使用教學課程
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常見問題解答
如何在 C# 中創建一個博客網路抓取器?
要在 C# 中創建一個博客網路抓取器,可以使用 IronWebScraper 庫。首先定義一個擴展 WebScraper 類的類,設置一個開始網址,配置抓取器以處理不同頁面類型,並使用 Parse 方法從 HTTP 回應中提取所需信息。
在網路抓取中 Parse 方法的功能是什麼?
在使用 IronWebScraper 進行網路抓取時,Parse 方法對於處理 HTTP 回應至關重要。它通過解析頁面內容、識別連結和分類頁面類型(如博客文章或其他部分)來幫助提取數據。
如何高效管理網路抓取的數據?
IronWebScraper 允許通過配置緩存來存儲請求的頁面並設置工作目錄以輸出文件來有效管理數據。這種組織有助於跟踪抓取的數據並減少不必要的頁面重新獲取。
IronWebScraper 如何幫助抓取 WordPress 博客?
IronWebScraper 通過提供工具來簡化抓取 WordPress 博客的結構、提取文章詳情和處理各種頁面類型。您可以使用該庫來解析文章以提取標題、作者、日期、圖片和文本等信息。
我可以將 IronWebScraper 用於 C# 和 VB.NET 嗎?
是的,IronWebScraper 與 C# 和 VB.NET 兼容,這使得它對於喜歡使用這些 .NET 語言的開發人員來說是一個多功能的選擇。
如何處理博客中的不同頁面類型?
您可以通過在 IronWebScraper 中重寫 Parse 方法來處理博客中的不同頁面類型。這種方法允許您將頁面分類為不同的部分,如評論和科學,並應用特定的解析邏輯。
有沒有辦法將抓取的博客數據保存為結構化格式?
是的,使用 IronWebScraper,您可以將抓取的博客數據保存為像 JSONL 這樣的結構化格式。這種格式在行與行之間以 JSON 格式存儲每條數據,便於後續管理和處理。
如何為我的網路抓取器設置工作目錄?
在 IronWebScraper 中,您可以通過配置抓取器來設置工作目錄,指定應該存儲輸出和緩存文件的位置。這有助於有效地組織抓取的數據。
網絡抓取中的一些常見故障排除情境有什麼?
網絡抓取中的常見故障排除情境包括處理網站結構更改、管理速率限制和處理防抓取措施。使用 IronWebScraper,您可以實施錯誤處理和日誌記錄來診斷和解決這些問題。
我在哪裡可以找到更多關於使用 IronWebScraper 的資源?
您可以在 Iron Software 的網站上找到有關使用 IronWebScraper 的資源和教程,這些網站為您提供了詳細的指導和示例,位於網絡抓取教程部分。







