如何使用 C# 抓取博客
让我们使用Iron WebScraper提取博客内容,使用C#或VB.NET。
本教程展示了如何将WordPress博客(或类似的)重新抓取为内容,使用.NET
// Define a class that extends WebScraper from IronWebScraper
public class BlogScraper : WebScraper
{
/// <summary>
/// Override this method to initialize your web-scraper.
/// Set at least one start URL and configure domain or URL patterns.
/// </summary>
public override void Init()
{
// Set your license key for IronWebScraper
License.LicenseKey = "YourLicenseKey";
// Enable logging for all actions
this.LoggingLevel = WebScraper.LogLevel.All;
// Set a directory to store output and cache files
this.WorkingDirectory = AppSetting.GetAppRoot() + @"\BlogSample\Output\";
// Enable caching with a specific duration
EnableWebCache(new TimeSpan(1, 30, 30));
// Request the start URL and specify the response handler
this.Request("http://blogSite.com/", Parse);
}
}// Define a class that extends WebScraper from IronWebScraper
public class BlogScraper : WebScraper
{
/// <summary>
/// Override this method to initialize your web-scraper.
/// Set at least one start URL and configure domain or URL patterns.
/// </summary>
public override void Init()
{
// Set your license key for IronWebScraper
License.LicenseKey = "YourLicenseKey";
// Enable logging for all actions
this.LoggingLevel = WebScraper.LogLevel.All;
// Set a directory to store output and cache files
this.WorkingDirectory = AppSetting.GetAppRoot() + @"\BlogSample\Output\";
// Enable caching with a specific duration
EnableWebCache(new TimeSpan(1, 30, 30));
// Request the start URL and specify the response handler
this.Request("http://blogSite.com/", Parse);
}
}' Define a class that extends WebScraper from IronWebScraper
Public Class BlogScraper
Inherits WebScraper
''' <summary>
''' Override this method to initialize your web-scraper.
''' Set at least one start URL and configure domain or URL patterns.
''' </summary>
Public Overrides Sub Init()
' Set your license key for IronWebScraper
License.LicenseKey = "YourLicenseKey"
' Enable logging for all actions
Me.LoggingLevel = WebScraper.LogLevel.All
' Set a directory to store output and cache files
Me.WorkingDirectory = AppSetting.GetAppRoot() & "\BlogSample\Output\"
' Enable caching with a specific duration
EnableWebCache(New TimeSpan(1, 30, 30))
' Request the start URL and specify the response handler
Me.Request("http://blogSite.com/", Parse)
End Sub
End Class像往常一样,我们创建一个 Scraper 并继承自 WebScraper 类。 在本例中,翻译为"BlogScraper"。
我们设置一个工作目录为"\BlogSample\Output\",以便所有的输出和缓存文件都可以存放。
然后我们启用网页缓存,将请求的页面保存到缓存文件夹"WebCache"中。
现在让我们编写一个解析函数:
/// <summary>
/// Override this method to handle the Http Response for your web scraper.
/// Add additional methods if you handle multiple page types.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="response">The HTTP Response object to parse.</param>
public override void Parse(Response response)
{
// Iterate over each link found in the section navigation
foreach (var link in response.Css("div.section-nav > ul > li > a"))
{
switch(link.TextContentClean)
{
case "Reviews":
{
// Handle reviews case
}
break;
case "Science":
{
// Handle science case
}
break;
default:
{
// Save the link title to a file
Scrape(new ScrapedData() { { "Title", link.TextContentClean } }, "BlogScraper.Jsonl");
}
break;
}
}
}/// <summary>
/// Override this method to handle the Http Response for your web scraper.
/// Add additional methods if you handle multiple page types.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="response">The HTTP Response object to parse.</param>
public override void Parse(Response response)
{
// Iterate over each link found in the section navigation
foreach (var link in response.Css("div.section-nav > ul > li > a"))
{
switch(link.TextContentClean)
{
case "Reviews":
{
// Handle reviews case
}
break;
case "Science":
{
// Handle science case
}
break;
default:
{
// Save the link title to a file
Scrape(new ScrapedData() { { "Title", link.TextContentClean } }, "BlogScraper.Jsonl");
}
break;
}
}
}''' <summary>
''' Override this method to handle the Http Response for your web scraper.
''' Add additional methods if you handle multiple page types.
''' </summary>
''' <param name="response">The HTTP Response object to parse.</param>
Public Overrides Sub Parse(ByVal response As Response)
' Iterate over each link found in the section navigation
For Each link In response.Css("div.section-nav > ul > li > a")
Select Case link.TextContentClean
Case "Reviews"
' Handle reviews case
Case "Science"
' Handle science case
Case Else
' Save the link title to a file
Scrape(New ScrapedData() From {
{ "Title", link.TextContentClean }
},
"BlogScraper.Jsonl")
End Select
Next link
End Sub在 Parse 方法中,我们从顶部菜单中获取了所有类别页面(电影、科学、评论等)的链接。
然后,我们根据链接类别切换到合适的解析方法。
让我们为科学页面准备我们的对象模型:
/// <summary>
/// Represents a model for Science Page
/// </summary>
public class ScienceModel
{
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets the title.
/// </summary>
public string Title { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets the author.
/// </summary>
public string Author { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets the date.
/// </summary>
public string Date { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets the image.
/// </summary>
public string Image { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets the text.
/// </summary>
public string Text { get; set; }
}/// <summary>
/// Represents a model for Science Page
/// </summary>
public class ScienceModel
{
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets the title.
/// </summary>
public string Title { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets the author.
/// </summary>
public string Author { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets the date.
/// </summary>
public string Date { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets the image.
/// </summary>
public string Image { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// Gets or sets the text.
/// </summary>
public string Text { get; set; }
}''' <summary>
''' Represents a model for Science Page
''' </summary>
Public Class ScienceModel
''' <summary>
''' Gets or sets the title.
''' </summary>
Public Property Title() As String
''' <summary>
''' Gets or sets the author.
''' </summary>
Public Property Author() As String
''' <summary>
''' Gets or sets the date.
''' </summary>
Public Property [Date]() As String
''' <summary>
''' Gets or sets the image.
''' </summary>
Public Property Image() As String
''' <summary>
''' Gets or sets the text.
''' </summary>
Public Property Text() As String
End Class现在让我们实现一个单页面抓取:
/// <summary>
/// Parses the reviews from the response.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="response">The HTTP Response object.</param>
public void ParseReviews(Response response)
{
// A list to hold Science models
var scienceList = new List<ScienceModel>();
foreach (var postBox in response.Css("section.main > div > div.post-list"))
{
var item = new ScienceModel
{
Title = postBox.Css("h1.headline > a")[0].TextContentClean,
Author = postBox.Css("div.author > a")[0].TextContentClean,
Date = postBox.Css("div.time > a")[0].TextContentClean,
Image = postBox.Css("div.image-wrapper.default-state > img")[0].Attributes["src"],
Text = postBox.Css("div.summary > p")[0].TextContentClean
};
scienceList.Add(item);
}
// Save the science list to a JSONL file
Scrape(scienceList, "BlogScience.Jsonl");
}/// <summary>
/// Parses the reviews from the response.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="response">The HTTP Response object.</param>
public void ParseReviews(Response response)
{
// A list to hold Science models
var scienceList = new List<ScienceModel>();
foreach (var postBox in response.Css("section.main > div > div.post-list"))
{
var item = new ScienceModel
{
Title = postBox.Css("h1.headline > a")[0].TextContentClean,
Author = postBox.Css("div.author > a")[0].TextContentClean,
Date = postBox.Css("div.time > a")[0].TextContentClean,
Image = postBox.Css("div.image-wrapper.default-state > img")[0].Attributes["src"],
Text = postBox.Css("div.summary > p")[0].TextContentClean
};
scienceList.Add(item);
}
// Save the science list to a JSONL file
Scrape(scienceList, "BlogScience.Jsonl");
}''' <summary>
''' Parses the reviews from the response.
''' </summary>
''' <param name="response">The HTTP Response object.</param>
Public Sub ParseReviews(ByVal response As Response)
' A list to hold Science models
Dim scienceList = New List(Of ScienceModel)()
For Each postBox In response.Css("section.main > div > div.post-list")
Dim item = New ScienceModel With {
.Title = postBox.Css("h1.headline > a")(0).TextContentClean,
.Author = postBox.Css("div.author > a")(0).TextContentClean,
.Date = postBox.Css("div.time > a")(0).TextContentClean,
.Image = postBox.Css("div.image-wrapper.default-state > img")(0).Attributes("src"),
.Text = postBox.Css("div.summary > p")(0).TextContentClean
}
scienceList.Add(item)
Next postBox
' Save the science list to a JSONL file
Scrape(scienceList, "BlogScience.Jsonl")
End Sub在创建模型后,我们可以解析响应对象,深入挖掘其主要元素(标题、作者、日期、图像、文本)。
然后,我们使用Scrape(object, fileName)将我们的结果保存在一个单独的文件中。
开始使用 IronWebscraper

常见问题解答
如何在 C# 中创建博客网页抓取器?
要在 C# 中创建博客网页抓取器,您可以使用 IronWebScraper 库。首先定义一个扩展 WebScraper 类的类,设置起始 URL,配置抓取器以处理不同的页面类型,并使用 Parse 方法从 HTTP 响应中提取所需信息。
Parse 方法在网页抓取中的作用是什么?
在使用 IronWebScraper 进行网页抓取时,Parse 方法对于处理 HTTP 响应至关重要。它通过解析页面内容、识别链接并分类页面类型(如博客文章或其他部分)来帮助提取数据。
如何高效管理网页抓取数据?
IronWebScraper 通过配置缓存来存储请求页面并设置输出文件的工作目录,以提高数据管理效率。这种组织有助于跟踪抓取的数据并减少不必要的页面重新获取。
IronWebScraper 如何帮助抓取 WordPress 博客?
IronWebScraper 提供导航博客结构、提取文章详情和处理各种页面类型的工具,从而简化了 WordPress 博客的抓取。您可以使用该库解析标题、作者、日期、图片和文本等信息。
我可以将 IronWebScraper 用于 C# 和 VB.NET 吗?
是的,IronWebScraper 兼容 C# 和 VB.NET,对偏好使用这两种 .NET 语言的开发者来说是一个多用途的选择。
如何处理博客内的不同类型页面?
您可以通过在 IronWebScraper 中重写 Parse 方法来处理博客内的不同类型页面。这种方法允许您将页面分类为不同部分,如评论和科学,并对每一个应用特定的解析逻辑。
是否可以将抓取的博客数据以结构化格式保存?
是的,使用 IronWebScraper,您可以将抓取得到的博客数据保存为 JSONL 这样结构化的格式。这种格式有助于以行对行 JSON 格式存储每个数据,以便于后续管理和处理。
如何为我的网页抓取器设置工作目录?
在 IronWebScraper 中,您可以通过配置抓取器来指定输出和缓存文件的存储位置,从而设置工作目录。这有助于高效组织抓取的数据。
网页抓取中的常见故障排除场景有哪些?
网页抓取中的常见故障排除场景包括处理网站结构变化、管理速率限制和应对反抓取措施。使用 IronWebScraper,您可以实现错误处理和日志记录来诊断和解决这些问题。
在哪里可以找到更多有关使用 IronWebScraper 的资源?
您可以在 Iron Software 网站上的网页抓取教程部分找到关于使用 IronWebScraper 的资源和教程,其中提供了详尽的指南和示例。







