How to Scrape a Blog in C#

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让我们使用Iron WebScraper提取博客内容,使用C#或VB.NET。

本教程展示了如何将WordPress博客(或类似的)重新抓取为内容,使用.NET

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// Define a class that extends WebScraper from IronWebScraper
public class BlogScraper : WebScraper
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Override this method to initialize your web-scraper.
    /// Set at least one start URL and configure domain or URL patterns.
    /// </summary>
    public override void Init()
    {
        // Set your license key for IronWebScraper
        License.LicenseKey = "YourLicenseKey";

        // Enable logging for all actions
        this.LoggingLevel = WebScraper.LogLevel.All;

        // Set a directory to store output and cache files
        this.WorkingDirectory = AppSetting.GetAppRoot() + @"\BlogSample\Output\";

        // Enable caching with a specific duration
        EnableWebCache(new TimeSpan(1, 30, 30));

        // Request the start URL and specify the response handler
        this.Request("http://blogSite.com/", Parse);
    }
}
// Define a class that extends WebScraper from IronWebScraper
public class BlogScraper : WebScraper
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Override this method to initialize your web-scraper.
    /// Set at least one start URL and configure domain or URL patterns.
    /// </summary>
    public override void Init()
    {
        // Set your license key for IronWebScraper
        License.LicenseKey = "YourLicenseKey";

        // Enable logging for all actions
        this.LoggingLevel = WebScraper.LogLevel.All;

        // Set a directory to store output and cache files
        this.WorkingDirectory = AppSetting.GetAppRoot() + @"\BlogSample\Output\";

        // Enable caching with a specific duration
        EnableWebCache(new TimeSpan(1, 30, 30));

        // Request the start URL and specify the response handler
        this.Request("http://blogSite.com/", Parse);
    }
}
' Define a class that extends WebScraper from IronWebScraper
Public Class BlogScraper
	Inherits WebScraper

	''' <summary>
	''' Override this method to initialize your web-scraper.
	''' Set at least one start URL and configure domain or URL patterns.
	''' </summary>
	Public Overrides Sub Init()
		' Set your license key for IronWebScraper
		License.LicenseKey = "YourLicenseKey"

		' Enable logging for all actions
		Me.LoggingLevel = WebScraper.LogLevel.All

		' Set a directory to store output and cache files
		Me.WorkingDirectory = AppSetting.GetAppRoot() & "\BlogSample\Output\"

		' Enable caching with a specific duration
		EnableWebCache(New TimeSpan(1, 30, 30))

		' Request the start URL and specify the response handler
		Me.Request("http://blogSite.com/", Parse)
	End Sub
End Class
$vbLabelText   $csharpLabel

像往常一样,我们创建一个Scraper并继承自WebScraper类。 在这种情况下,它是“BlogScraper”。

我们设置一个工作目录为“\BlogSample\Output\”,以便所有的输出和缓存文件都可以存放。

然后我们启用网页缓存,将请求的页面保存到缓存文件夹“WebCache”中。

现在让我们编写一个解析函数:

/// <summary>
/// Override this method to handle the Http Response for your web scraper.
/// Add additional methods if you handle multiple page types.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="response">The HTTP Response object to parse.</param>
public override void Parse(Response response)
{
    // Iterate over each link found in the section navigation
    foreach (var link in response.Css("div.section-nav > ul > li > a"))
    {
        switch(link.TextContentClean)
        {
            case "Reviews":
                {
                    // Handle reviews case
                }
                break;
            case "Science":
                {
                    // Handle science case
                }
                break;
            default:
                {
                    // Save the link title to a file
                    Scrape(new ScrapedData() { { "Title", link.TextContentClean } }, "BlogScraper.Jsonl");
                }
                break;
        }
    }
}
/// <summary>
/// Override this method to handle the Http Response for your web scraper.
/// Add additional methods if you handle multiple page types.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="response">The HTTP Response object to parse.</param>
public override void Parse(Response response)
{
    // Iterate over each link found in the section navigation
    foreach (var link in response.Css("div.section-nav > ul > li > a"))
    {
        switch(link.TextContentClean)
        {
            case "Reviews":
                {
                    // Handle reviews case
                }
                break;
            case "Science":
                {
                    // Handle science case
                }
                break;
            default:
                {
                    // Save the link title to a file
                    Scrape(new ScrapedData() { { "Title", link.TextContentClean } }, "BlogScraper.Jsonl");
                }
                break;
        }
    }
}
''' <summary>
''' Override this method to handle the Http Response for your web scraper.
''' Add additional methods if you handle multiple page types.
''' </summary>
''' <param name="response">The HTTP Response object to parse.</param>
Public Overrides Sub Parse(ByVal response As Response)
	' Iterate over each link found in the section navigation
	For Each link In response.Css("div.section-nav > ul > li > a")
		Select Case link.TextContentClean
			Case "Reviews"
					' Handle reviews case
			Case "Science"
					' Handle science case
			Case Else
					' Save the link title to a file
					Scrape(New ScrapedData() From {
						{ "Title", link.TextContentClean }
					},
					"BlogScraper.Jsonl")
		End Select
	Next link
End Sub
$vbLabelText   $csharpLabel

在Parse方法中,我们从顶部菜单获取所有指向分类页面(电影、科学、评论等)的链接。

然后,我们根据链接类别切换到合适的解析方法。

让我们为科学页面准备我们的对象模型:

/// <summary>
/// Represents a model for Science Page
/// </summary>
public class ScienceModel
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Gets or sets the title.
    /// </summary>
    public string Title { get; set; }

    /// <summary>
    /// Gets or sets the author.
    /// </summary>
    public string Author { get; set; }

    /// <summary>
    /// Gets or sets the date.
    /// </summary>
    public string Date { get; set; }

    /// <summary>
    /// Gets or sets the image.
    /// </summary>
    public string Image { get; set; }

    /// <summary>
    /// Gets or sets the text.
    /// </summary>
    public string Text { get; set; }
}
/// <summary>
/// Represents a model for Science Page
/// </summary>
public class ScienceModel
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Gets or sets the title.
    /// </summary>
    public string Title { get; set; }

    /// <summary>
    /// Gets or sets the author.
    /// </summary>
    public string Author { get; set; }

    /// <summary>
    /// Gets or sets the date.
    /// </summary>
    public string Date { get; set; }

    /// <summary>
    /// Gets or sets the image.
    /// </summary>
    public string Image { get; set; }

    /// <summary>
    /// Gets or sets the text.
    /// </summary>
    public string Text { get; set; }
}
''' <summary>
''' Represents a model for Science Page
''' </summary>
Public Class ScienceModel
	''' <summary>
	''' Gets or sets the title.
	''' </summary>
	Public Property Title() As String

	''' <summary>
	''' Gets or sets the author.
	''' </summary>
	Public Property Author() As String

	''' <summary>
	''' Gets or sets the date.
	''' </summary>
	Public Property [Date]() As String

	''' <summary>
	''' Gets or sets the image.
	''' </summary>
	Public Property Image() As String

	''' <summary>
	''' Gets or sets the text.
	''' </summary>
	Public Property Text() As String
End Class
$vbLabelText   $csharpLabel

现在让我们实现一个单页面抓取:

/// <summary>
/// Parses the reviews from the response.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="response">The HTTP Response object.</param>
public void ParseReviews(Response response)
{
    // A list to hold Science models
    var scienceList = new List<ScienceModel>();

    foreach (var postBox in response.Css("section.main > div > div.post-list"))
    {
        var item = new ScienceModel
        {
            Title = postBox.Css("h1.headline > a")[0].TextContentClean,
            Author = postBox.Css("div.author > a")[0].TextContentClean,
            Date = postBox.Css("div.time > a")[0].TextContentClean,
            Image = postBox.Css("div.image-wrapper.default-state > img")[0].Attributes["src"],
            Text = postBox.Css("div.summary > p")[0].TextContentClean
        };

        scienceList.Add(item);
    }

    // Save the science list to a JSONL file
    Scrape(scienceList, "BlogScience.Jsonl");
}
/// <summary>
/// Parses the reviews from the response.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="response">The HTTP Response object.</param>
public void ParseReviews(Response response)
{
    // A list to hold Science models
    var scienceList = new List<ScienceModel>();

    foreach (var postBox in response.Css("section.main > div > div.post-list"))
    {
        var item = new ScienceModel
        {
            Title = postBox.Css("h1.headline > a")[0].TextContentClean,
            Author = postBox.Css("div.author > a")[0].TextContentClean,
            Date = postBox.Css("div.time > a")[0].TextContentClean,
            Image = postBox.Css("div.image-wrapper.default-state > img")[0].Attributes["src"],
            Text = postBox.Css("div.summary > p")[0].TextContentClean
        };

        scienceList.Add(item);
    }

    // Save the science list to a JSONL file
    Scrape(scienceList, "BlogScience.Jsonl");
}
''' <summary>
''' Parses the reviews from the response.
''' </summary>
''' <param name="response">The HTTP Response object.</param>
Public Sub ParseReviews(ByVal response As Response)
	' A list to hold Science models
	Dim scienceList = New List(Of ScienceModel)()

	For Each postBox In response.Css("section.main > div > div.post-list")
		Dim item = New ScienceModel With {
			.Title = postBox.Css("h1.headline > a")(0).TextContentClean,
			.Author = postBox.Css("div.author > a")(0).TextContentClean,
			.Date = postBox.Css("div.time > a")(0).TextContentClean,
			.Image = postBox.Css("div.image-wrapper.default-state > img")(0).Attributes("src"),
			.Text = postBox.Css("div.summary > p")(0).TextContentClean
		}

		scienceList.Add(item)
	Next postBox

	' Save the science list to a JSONL file
	Scrape(scienceList, "BlogScience.Jsonl")
End Sub
$vbLabelText   $csharpLabel

在创建模型后,我们可以解析响应对象,深入挖掘其主要元素(标题、作者、日期、图像、文本)。

然后,我们使用Scrape(object, fileName)将我们的结果保存在一个单独的文件中。

点击这里查看完整的IronWebscraper使用教程

开始使用IronWebscraper

网页抓取从未是一个简单的任务,C#或.NET编程环境中没有主流的框架可供使用。Iron Web Scraper的创建就是为了改变这一点

常见问题解答

如何在 C# 中创建博客网页抓取器?

要在 C# 中创建博客网页抓取器,您可以使用 IronWebScraper 库。首先定义一个扩展 WebScraper 类的类,设置起始 URL,配置抓取器以处理不同的页面类型,并使用 Parse 方法从 HTTP 响应中提取所需信息。

Parse 方法在网页抓取中的作用是什么?

在使用 IronWebScraper 进行网页抓取时,Parse 方法对于处理 HTTP 响应至关重要。它通过解析页面内容、识别链接并分类页面类型(如博客文章或其他部分)来帮助提取数据。

如何高效管理网页抓取数据?

IronWebScraper 通过配置缓存来存储请求页面并设置输出文件的工作目录,以提高数据管理效率。这种组织有助于跟踪抓取的数据并减少不必要的页面重新获取。

IronWebScraper 如何帮助抓取 WordPress 博客?

IronWebScraper 提供导航博客结构、提取文章详情和处理各种页面类型的工具,从而简化了 WordPress 博客的抓取。您可以使用该库解析标题、作者、日期、图片和文本等信息。

我可以将 IronWebScraper 用于 C# 和 VB.NET 吗?

是的,IronWebScraper 兼容 C# 和 VB.NET,对偏好使用这两种 .NET 语言的开发者来说是一个多用途的选择。

如何处理博客内的不同类型页面?

您可以通过在 IronWebScraper 中重写 Parse 方法来处理博客内的不同类型页面。这种方法允许您将页面分类为不同部分,如评论和科学,并对每一个应用特定的解析逻辑。

是否可以将抓取的博客数据以结构化格式保存?

是的,使用 IronWebScraper,您可以将抓取得到的博客数据保存为 JSONL 这样结构化的格式。这种格式有助于以行对行 JSON 格式存储每个数据,以便于后续管理和处理。

如何为我的网页抓取器设置工作目录?

在 IronWebScraper 中,您可以通过配置抓取器来指定输出和缓存文件的存储位置,从而设置工作目录。这有助于高效组织抓取的数据。

网页抓取中的常见故障排除场景有哪些?

网页抓取中的常见故障排除场景包括处理网站结构变化、管理速率限制和应对反抓取措施。使用 IronWebScraper,您可以实现错误处理和日志记录来诊断和解决这些问题。

在哪里可以找到更多有关使用 IronWebScraper 的资源?

您可以在 Iron Software 网站上的网页抓取教程部分找到关于使用 IronWebScraper 的资源和教程,其中提供了详尽的指南和示例。

Curtis Chau
技术作家

Curtis Chau 拥有卡尔顿大学的计算机科学学士学位,专注于前端开发,精通 Node.js、TypeScript、JavaScript 和 React。他热衷于打造直观且美观的用户界面,喜欢使用现代框架并创建结构良好、视觉吸引力强的手册。

除了开发之外,Curtis 对物联网 (IoT) 有浓厚的兴趣,探索将硬件和软件集成的新方法。在空闲时间,他喜欢玩游戏和构建 Discord 机器人,将他对技术的热爱与创造力相结合。

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