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用C#读取和写入Excel文件指南

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使用 Iron Software 的 IronXL 软件库，用 C# 和所有其他 .NET 语言读取和创建 Excel（XLS、XLSX 和 CSV）文件非常简单。

IronXL 不需要在您的服务器上安装 Excel Interop。 IronXL 提供了比 Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel 更快且更直观的 API。

IronXL支持以下平台：

  • .NET Framework 4.6.2 及以上版本适用于 Windows 和 Azure
  • .NET Core 2 及以上版本适用于 Windows、Linux、MacOS 和 Azure。

  • .NET 5、.NET 6、.NET 7、.NET 8、Mono、Maui 和 Xamarin

安装 IronXL

首先安装IronXL，可以通过我们的NuGet包或下载DLL。 IronXL 类可以在 IronXL 命名空间中找到。

安装IronXL最简单的方法是使用Visual-Studio的NuGet包管理器：

包名称是IronXL.Excel。

Install-Package IronXL.Excel

https://www.nuget.org/packages/ironxl.excel/

读取Excel文档

使用IronXL，从Excel文件中提取数据只需几行代码。

:path=/static-assets/excel/content-code-examples/get-started/get-started-1.cs
using IronXL;

// Supported spreadsheet formats for reading include: XLSX, XLS, CSV and TSV
WorkBook workBook = WorkBook.Load("data.xlsx");
WorkSheet workSheet = workBook.WorkSheets.First();

// Select cells easily in Excel notation and return the calculated value, date, text or formula
int cellValue = workSheet["A2"].IntValue;

// Read from Ranges of cells elegantly.
foreach (var cell in workSheet["A2:B10"])
{
    Console.WriteLine("Cell {0} has value '{1}'", cell.AddressString, cell.Text);
}
Imports IronXL

' Supported spreadsheet formats for reading include: XLSX, XLS, CSV and TSV
Private workBook As WorkBook = WorkBook.Load("data.xlsx")
Private workSheet As WorkSheet = workBook.WorkSheets.First()

' Select cells easily in Excel notation and return the calculated value, date, text or formula
Private cellValue As Integer = workSheet("A2").IntValue

' Read from Ranges of cells elegantly.
For Each cell In workSheet("A2:B10")
	Console.WriteLine("Cell {0} has value '{1}'", cell.AddressString, cell.Text)
Next cell
$vbLabelText   $csharpLabel

创建新的 Excel 文档

IronXL 提供了一个快速且简便的界面，用于使用 C# 或 VB.NET 生成 Excel 文档。

:path=/static-assets/excel/content-code-examples/get-started/get-started-2.cs
using IronXL;

// Create new Excel WorkBook document.
WorkBook workBook = WorkBook.Create(ExcelFileFormat.XLSX);
workBook.Metadata.Author = "IronXL";

// Add a blank WorkSheet
WorkSheet workSheet = workBook.CreateWorkSheet("main_sheet");

// Add data and styles to the new worksheet
workSheet["A1"].Value = "Hello World";
workSheet["A2"].Style.BottomBorder.SetColor("#ff6600");
workSheet["A2"].Style.BottomBorder.Type = IronXL.Styles.BorderType.Double;

// Save the excel file
workBook.SaveAs("NewExcelFile.xlsx");
Imports IronXL

' Create new Excel WorkBook document.
Private workBook As WorkBook = WorkBook.Create(ExcelFileFormat.XLSX)
workBook.Metadata.Author = "IronXL"

' Add a blank WorkSheet
Dim workSheet As WorkSheet = workBook.CreateWorkSheet("main_sheet")

' Add data and styles to the new worksheet
workSheet("A1").Value = "Hello World"
workSheet("A2").Style.BottomBorder.SetColor("#ff6600")
workSheet("A2").Style.BottomBorder.Type = IronXL.Styles.BorderType.Double

' Save the excel file
workBook.SaveAs("NewExcelFile.xlsx")
$vbLabelText   $csharpLabel

导出为 CSV、XLS、XLSX、JSON 或 XML

IronXL 还允许您将数据保存或导出为多种流行的结构化电子表格格式。

:path=/static-assets/excel/content-code-examples/get-started/get-started-3.cs
// Export to many formats with fluent saving
workSheet.SaveAs("NewExcelFile.xls");
workSheet.SaveAs("NewExcelFile.xlsx");
workSheet.SaveAsCsv("NewExcelFile.csv");
workSheet.SaveAsJson("NewExcelFile.json");
workSheet.SaveAsXml("NewExcelFile.xml");
' Export to many formats with fluent saving
workSheet.SaveAs("NewExcelFile.xls")
workSheet.SaveAs("NewExcelFile.xlsx")
workSheet.SaveAsCsv("NewExcelFile.csv")
workSheet.SaveAsJson("NewExcelFile.json")
workSheet.SaveAsXml("NewExcelFile.xml")
$vbLabelText   $csharpLabel

设置单元格和范围的样式

您可以使用 IronXL.Range.Style 对象对 Excel 单元格和范围应用格式。

:path=/static-assets/excel/content-code-examples/get-started/get-started-4.cs
// Set cell's value and styles
workSheet["A1"].Value = "Hello World";
workSheet["A2"].Style.BottomBorder.SetColor("#ff6600");
workSheet["A2"].Style.BottomBorder.Type = IronXL.Styles.BorderType.Double;
' Set cell's value and styles
workSheet("A1").Value = "Hello World"
workSheet("A2").Style.BottomBorder.SetColor("#ff6600")
workSheet("A2").Style.BottomBorder.Type = IronXL.Styles.BorderType.Double
$vbLabelText   $csharpLabel

排序范围

使用IronXL，您可以通过Range对象轻松排序Excel单元格的范围。

:path=/static-assets/excel/content-code-examples/get-started/get-started-5.cs
using IronXL;

WorkBook workBook = WorkBook.Load("test.xls");
WorkSheet workSheet = workBook.WorkSheets.First();

// This is how we get range from Excel worksheet
Range range = workSheet["A2:A8"];

// Sort the range in the sheet
range.SortAscending();
workBook.Save();
Imports IronXL

Private workBook As WorkBook = WorkBook.Load("test.xls")
Private workSheet As WorkSheet = workBook.WorkSheets.First()

' This is how we get range from Excel worksheet
Private range As Range = workSheet("A2:A8")

' Sort the range in the sheet
range.SortAscending()
workBook.Save()
$vbLabelText   $csharpLabel

编辑公式

修改 Excel 公式就像分配一个以“=”号开头的值一样简单。 公式将被立即计算。

:path=/static-assets/excel/content-code-examples/get-started/get-started-6.cs
// Set a formula
workSheet["A1"].Value = "=SUM(A2:A10)";

// Get the calculated value
decimal sum = workSheet["A1"].DecimalValue;
' Set a formula
workSheet("A1").Value = "=SUM(A2:A10)"

' Get the calculated value
Dim sum As Decimal = workSheet("A1").DecimalValue
$vbLabelText   $csharpLabel

为什么选择IronXL？

IronXL 提供了一个开发者友好的 API，用于在 .NET 中读取和写入 Excel 文档。

它无需在服务器上安装Microsoft Excel或Excel Interop即可运行，使Excel文件的处理快速、轻便且无烦恼。

向前发展

要探索更多功能和能力，我们建议查看.NET API 参考，其格式类似于 MSDN 文档。