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Docker 認證(開發者如何工作)

What is Docker?

Docker is a free, open-source containerization platform that makes it easier to develop, deploy, and maintain applications. It provides a lightweight container that includes an application and all its dependencies, allowing it to run in various environments—from the developer's personal computer to a production server. These containers are more efficient and faster because they share the operating system kernel of the host system, unlike traditional virtual machines.

Docker Certification (How it Works for Developers): Figure 1

Docker is not just about the engine; it provides a model to create, manage, and share containers. A key component of this model is Docker images, shared via Docker Hub—a special type of repository for storing and distributing container images. Docker is prominent in cloud-based development workflows and DevOps for its scalability, portability, and efficiency. Docker is available in two versions: Docker Community Edition and Docker Enterprise Edition.

What is a Docker certificate?

A Docker certificate is a digital document used to establish secure communications between a Docker client and a Docker server, such as a Docker daemon or a Docker registry, using HTTPS. It is a crucial component of Docker's TLS configuration, ensuring secure client-server interactions. This is particularly useful when deploying Docker in production or distributed environments.

Features of Docker Certificates

  • TLS/SSL Authentication: TLS/SSL certificates authenticate clients and servers to confirm their legitimacy.
  • Encryption: Certificates encrypt data transmission between client and server, ensuring data privacy.
  • Mutual Authentication: Mutual TLS uses certificates for bi-directional authentication between client and server, ensuring security by requiring verification of both parties before data exchange.

Types of Certificates in Docker

  • Server Certificate: Authenticates the Docker daemon to clients. It is installed on the server hosting Docker.
  • Client Certificate: Granted to clients for authentication with a server, signed by a trusted CA.
  • CA Certificate: Used by both parties, issued to sign server or client certificates to build trust.

Using a Custom Certificate Authority (CA)

To trust a custom CA, configure Docker to recognize it by storing the CA certificate in /etc/docker/certs.d/<your-registry>/ca.crt on your Docker host.

Using Docker with TLS

The Docker daemon can be secured with TLS by generating server and client certificates and configuring Docker to use them for communication.

Generate Certificates

To generate the necessary certificates using OpenSSL:

# Generate CA private key
openssl genrsa -aes256 -out ca-key.pem 4096

# Generate CA certificate
openssl req -new -x509 -days 365 -key ca-key.pem -sha256 -out ca.pem
# Generate CA private key
openssl genrsa -aes256 -out ca-key.pem 4096

# Generate CA certificate
openssl req -new -x509 -days 365 -key ca-key.pem -sha256 -out ca.pem
SHELL

Docker Certification (How it Works for Developers): Figure 2

Generate client and server keys and certificates:

# Generate server private key
openssl genrsa -out server-key.pem 4096

# Create server certificate signing request (CSR)
openssl req -subj "/CN=your-server" -sha256 -new -key server-key.pem -out server.csr

# Sign the server certificate using the CA
openssl x509 -req -days 365 -sha256 -in server.csr -CA ca.pem -CAkey ca-key.pem -CAcreateserial -out server-cert.pem
# Generate server private key
openssl genrsa -out server-key.pem 4096

# Create server certificate signing request (CSR)
openssl req -subj "/CN=your-server" -sha256 -new -key server-key.pem -out server.csr

# Sign the server certificate using the CA
openssl x509 -req -days 365 -sha256 -in server.csr -CA ca.pem -CAkey ca-key.pem -CAcreateserial -out server-cert.pem
SHELL

Finally, configure Docker to use these certificates by placing them in the appropriate directories and updating the Docker daemon configuration.

Configure Docker Daemon

Modify the Docker daemon configuration to use the generated certificates:

{
  "tls": true,
  "tlsverify": true,
  "tlscacert": "/etc/docker/ca.pem",
  "tlscert": "/etc/docker/server-cert.pem",
  "tlskey": "/etc/docker/server-key.pem",
  "hosts": ["tcp://0.0.0.0:2376", "unix:///var/run/docker.sock"]
}

Restart the Docker daemon to apply these settings.

Docker Certification Exam

The Docker Certified Associate (DCA) is an esteemed certification validating expertise in Docker capabilities. It entails approximately 55 multiple-choice and multiple-select questions in a 90-minute online proctored exam, covering domains such as orchestration, image management, installation and configuration, networking, security, and storage. Though there are no strict prerequisites, having at least six months of practical Docker experience is recommended. The certification is valid for two years. Preparation includes studying Docker documentation, practicing CLI commands, and using mock exams, enhancing career prospects in DevOps and container orchestration. Learn more about Docker training here.

What is IronSecureDoc?

IronSecureDoc is a product by Iron Software designed to secure documents, notably PDFs, through robust encryption and user permissions. Organizations benefit from advanced AES-256 encryption protocols, restricting access to sensitive information. Custom permissions govern printing, editing, or copying, thus enforcing authorized access. It supports password protection and digital signatures, ensuring document integrity and security, with watermarking options.

Docker Certification (How it Works for Developers): Figure 3 - IronSecureDoc: The PDF Security and Compliance Server

IronSecureDoc is developer-friendly, adaptable to applications running through Docker or other environments, crucial in industries like health, finance, and legal, where document confidentiality is paramount.

How Certificates Enhance IronSecureDoc Security

  • Authentication: Allows user or system authentication on secured documents, granting only authorized access, vital for compliance, especially in regulated sectors like finance and healthcare.
  • Encryption: Utilizes public key encryption to ensure only individuals with corresponding private keys can access files, preventing unauthorized access.
  • Digital Signatures: Supports digital signing, confirming document origin and integrity, thereby building trust and fulfilling legal standards for digital transactions.

Install and Running IronSecureDoc

To pull the IronSecureDoc Docker image from the repository, execute:

docker pull ironsoftwareofficial/ironsecuredoc
docker pull ironsoftwareofficial/ironsecuredoc
SHELL

Docker Certification (How it Works for Developers): Figure 4

Use the below command to run IronSecureDoc in a Docker container:

docker container run --rm -p 8080:8080 -e IronSecureDoc_LicenseKey=<IRONSECUREDOC_LICENSE_KEY> -e ENVIRONMENT=Development -e HTTP_PORTS=8080 ironsoftwareofficial/ironsecuredoc:latest
docker container run --rm -p 8080:8080 -e IronSecureDoc_LicenseKey=<IRONSECUREDOC_LICENSE_KEY> -e ENVIRONMENT=Development -e HTTP_PORTS=8080 ironsoftwareofficial/ironsecuredoc:latest
SHELL

This command creates a running instance of IronSecureDoc.

Using IronSecureDoc

IronSecureDoc's REST API allows document redaction, certification, and encryption upon installation and launch in Docker. See documentation for more details.

Docker Certification (How it Works for Developers): Figure 5

To encrypt a document via IronSecureDoc API, use:

curl -X 'POST' \
  'http://localhost:8080/v1/document-services/pdfs/encrypt?user_password=demo' \
  -H 'accept: */*' \
  -H 'Content-Type: multipart/form-data' \
  -F 'pdf_file=@test.pdf;type=application/pdf'
curl -X 'POST' \
  'http://localhost:8080/v1/document-services/pdfs/encrypt?user_password=demo' \
  -H 'accept: */*' \
  -H 'Content-Type: multipart/form-data' \
  -F 'pdf_file=@test.pdf;type=application/pdf'
SHELL

This command sends the document to IronSecureDoc for encryption.

Conclusion

Docker certificates and IronSecureDoc offer a secure framework for managing documents in containerized environments. Docker certificates ensure encrypted and authenticated communication between Docker clients and servers, supporting the secure deployment and management of container-hosted applications like IronSecureDoc. This framework limits access to trusted entities, preventing unauthorized actions within server environments.

IronSecureDoc enhances document-specific security through encryption, access control, and digital signatures, protecting both infrastructure and sensitive data. For licensing information about IronSecureDoc, visit this page. For more about Iron Software's offerings, click here.

常見問題解答

如何保障 Docker 客戶端與服務器之間的通信安全?

您可以使用 Docker 證書確保 Docker 客戶端與服務器之間的通信安全,這些證書使用 TLS/SSL 身份驗證加密數據傳輸,並驗證客戶端和服務器的合法性。

什麼是 Docker 證書,它如何工作?

Docker 證書是一種數字證書,用於通過 HTTPS 建立 Docker 客戶端與服務器之間的安全通信。它確保相互身份驗證和加密,保護生產環境中的數據交換。

開發人員如何在容器化環境中增強文件安全性?

開發人員可以使用 IronSecureDoc 在容器化環境中增強文件安全性,它提供 AES-256 加密、密碼保護和數字簽名。它無縫集成 Docker,允許安全的文件管理。

什麼是 Docker 認證助理考試?

Docker 認證助理 (DCA) 考試驗證您在 Docker 方面的專業知識,涵蓋編排、映像管理和安全性等主題。它由大約 55 個問題組成,有效期為兩年。

如何使用 Docker 實現文件安全性?

您可以通過從倉庫中提取 IronSecureDoc Docker 映像並在 Docker 容器中運行它來實現文件安全性。這允許您利用包括加密和身份驗證在內的高級安全功能。

證書在文件安全中扮演什麼角色?

證書在文件安全中發揮重要作用,通過啟用身份驗證和訪問控制,使用公共密鑰加密防止未經授權的訪問,並支持數字簽名以確保文件完整性。

Docker 和 IronSecureDoc 如何協同工作以確保數據安全?

Docker 和 IronSecureDoc 可以協同工作以確保數據安全,通過使用 Docker 證書確保安全的通信,以及 IronSecureDoc 的功能來加密和管理容器化應用程序中的文件。

使用 Docker 在文件安全中有哪些好處?

在文件安全中使用 Docker 可以通過輕量級容器實現有效的應用程序部署和管理,而 Docker 證書確保安全的客戶端—服務器交互,增強整體安全性。

Curtis Chau
技術作家

Curtis Chau 擁有卡爾頓大學計算機科學學士學位,專注於前端開發,擅長於 Node.js、TypeScript、JavaScript 和 React。Curtis 熱衷於創建直觀且美觀的用戶界面,喜歡使用現代框架並打造結構良好、視覺吸引人的手冊。

除了開發之外,Curtis 對物聯網 (IoT) 有著濃厚的興趣,探索將硬體和軟體結合的創新方式。在閒暇時間,他喜愛遊戲並構建 Discord 機器人,結合科技與創意的樂趣。